Neurotransmitter Systems Flashcards
The NT are classified as monoamines?
Dopamine norepinephrine epinephrine serotonine histamine
What are the 4 locations in the brain that dopamine affects?
substantia nigra
mesolimbic; ventral tegmental area to nucleus accumbens
mesocortical
tuberinfundibular
The effect of dopamine in the substantia nigra is ______?
voluntary motor
dysfunctional in Parkinson’s disease
The effect of dopamine in the mesolimbic (ventral tegmental area to nucleus accumbens) is _______?
pleasure/reward
plays a role in addiction
The effect of dopamine in the mesocortical area is _______?
attention and high level of consciousness
dysfunctional in schizophrenia
The effect of dopamine in the tuberinfundibular area is ________?
suppression of prolactin
Describe the dopamine receptors.
D1-D5 D1-like are G(s) D2-like are G(i) D1: voluntary motion D2: inhibits motion D3: Pleasure/reward system
Describe removal of the Catecholamines from the synaptic cleft.
Step 1: reuptake by the presynaptic terminal
Step 2: two enzymes MAO and COMT
Where is norepinephrine is released in the _______?
locus ceruleus
found in the upper brainstem (pons)
_______ is the function of the norepinephrine in the locus ceruleus?
waking us up and awareness
Epinephrine is released in the ________?
adrenal medullar
Serotonin is synthesis by which two enzymes?
tryptophan hydroxylase
5-HT is 5-hydroxytrytophan decarboxylase
amount of serotonin made is dependent on the amount of tryptophan available
What is the location of serotonergic neurons in the CNS?
midline raphe nuclei
What is the function of serotonin?
attention and mood
disruption is associated with depression
