Autonomic Nervous System

Question 1

The sympathetic trunk is located ______ to the common carotid and ______ to the longus colli and capitus muschles?

Answer 1

posterior, anterior

Question 2

T/F there are no preganglionic symathetic fibers in the head

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Preganglionic sympathetic fibers to the head and neck orignate in the __________ __ ___ bodies located in the ________ cell column.

Answer 3

preganglionic sympathetic cell

intermediolateral

Question 4

_______ ________ fiber to the head and neck orginate from the postganglionic sympathetic neurons located in one of the _______ ____ ____?

Answer 4

cervical sympathetic ganglia

Question 5

_________ ___ __ consists of postganglionic sympathetic fiber wich cousre in the tunica adventitia of the external carotid?

Answer 5

External carotid plexus

Question 6

_______ _______ ______ is a large elliptical ganglion lcated osterior to the internal carotid artery, embedded in the prevertebral fascia at the level of CV1-2 and on the surface of the _____ ___ muscles.

Answer 6

superior cervical ganglion (SCG)

longus capitus

Question 7

Superior cervical ganglion receives preganglionic fibers from ______?

Answer 7

T1; usually, there are no direct cervical contributions to the ganglion.

Question 8

Superior cervical ganglion send postganglionic fibers to the ______ ____, _______ _ __, ____,__,and ____?

Answer 8

upper cervical (C1-3), lower cranial nerves (XI-XII), pharynx, carotid body and sinus, and the internal carotid n.

Question 9

________ _____ nerve leaves the superior cervical ganglion and forms the internal carotid plexus in the tunica adventitia of the internal carotid.

Answer 9

internal carotid nerve

Question 10

What are the 4 branches of the internal carotid plexus?

Answer 10

perivascular plexuses
sympathetic branch to the ciliary ganglion
deep petrosal n.
carotico-tympanic nerve

Question 11

________ ____ ______ is located at the level of CV6 above the arch of the inferior thyroid artery.

Answer 11

middle cervical ganglion (C4-6)

Question 12

______ _____ is located at the level of CV& anterior to the vertebral artery.

Answer 12

vertebral ganglion

Question 13

Where does the vertebral ganglion send postganglionic fibers to?

Answer 13

sixth cervical nerve and the vertebral plexus

Question 14

What is the ansa subclavia?

Answer 14

a cord from the vertebral ganglion which loops around the anterior surface of the subclavian artery and terminates in the inferior cervical or stellate ganglion.

Question 15

How is the cervico-thoracic or stellate ganglion formed?

Answer 15

it is a large ganglion formed by a fusion of the inferior cervical and the first thoracic ganglia

Question 16

Where does the cervico-thoracic recieves preganglionic fibers from?

Answer 16

T1

Question 17

The cervico-thoracic send postganglionic fibers to the ________ and ___, ______, and ________, and _______?

Answer 17

lower cervical and first thoracic nerves, heart, and vertebral, and subclavian plexuses

Question 18

Describe Horner’s Syndrome.

Answer 18

caused by interruption of the cervical sympathetic trunk; transection of the spinal cord above the level of T1 (Horners) or hemisection of the spinal cord (Brown-Sequard syndrome)

Question 19

Signs and symptoms of Horner’s syndrome.

Answer 19

Slight ptosis of upper lid due to paralysis of the tarsal m.
mitosis or pupillary constriction die to paralysis of the dilator pupillae m.
anhidrosis and blushing (vasodilation of skin on face)
enophthalmos doe to paralysis of the orbitalis m. of Muller

Question 20

Preganglionic parasympathetic neurons are located in __ _____ of the brainstem and spinal cord/

Answer 20

craniosacral nuclei