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Andrews > Superficial Fungi part 1 > Flashcards

Superficial Fungi part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

conidia

A

asexual nonmotile spores - reproductive structures
microconidia - trichophyton
macroconidia - microsporum, epidermophyton

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2
Q

sporangia

A

spores produced in a sac

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3
Q

chlamydoconidia

A

thick walled round cell

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4
Q

blastoconidia

A

formed by budding

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5
Q

arthroconidia

A

formed by fragmentation of hyphae

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6
Q

tinea nigra organism & presentation

A

hortaea/exophiala werneckii
black yeast-like hyphomycete
hot humid environment
confined to SC (looks like lentigo on foot)

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7
Q

tinea nigra dx and txt

A

golden brown hyphae on KOH (melanin)
older colonies grayish & filamentous
Rx: keratolytics (whitfield’s ointment), imidazoles

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8
Q

black piedra organism? presentation? location?

A

piedra hortae
firmly adherent black nodules on hair
tropics, south america

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9
Q

white piedra organism? presentation? culture?

A

trichosporon beigelii and T. inkin (pubic)
opportunistic - immunosuppressed
tan/white loosely adherent nodules along hair shafts

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10
Q

trichosporanosis organism? presentation?

A

trichosporon asahii
systemic in immunocompromised
papulovesicular and purpuric lesions w/ necrosis

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11
Q

tinea versicolor organism? cause of depigmentation? dx?

A

malassezia furfur (pityrosporum orbiculare is yeast phase)
dicarboxylic acid causes depigmentation
KOH: spaghetti and meatballs
wood’s light: yellow-green

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12
Q

malassezia implicated in what neonatal skin condition

A

neonatal cephalic pustulosis (neonatal acne)

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13
Q

pityrosporum folliculitis

A

wood’s light: yellow-green
KOH: only yeast seen
monomorphic follicular papules and pustules, often during acne txt (tetracycline casues overgrowth)
women, neck face & trunk
M. furfur and M globosa
fluconazole 400 mg x1 and 2.5% selenium sulfide

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14
Q

how do dermatophytes escape immune system?

A

mannans

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15
Q

how do dermatophytes infect SC, hair, nails

A

keratinases

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16
Q

geophilic dermatophytes

A 
mod-severe inflammation
Gypspies are Terrible F'ing Cooks
M. gypseum (tinea corporis, capitis)
T. terrestre
M. fulvum
M. cookei
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17
Q

dermatophyte nutritional requirements

A 
thiamine (tonsurans, violaceum, verrucosum)
histidine (megninii)
niacin (equinum)
inositol and thiamine (verrucosum)
olive oil (m. furfur)
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17
Q

trichophyton

A

endothrix, no fluorescence

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17
Q

trichophyton

A

endothrix, no fluorescence

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18
Q

microsporum

A

ectothrix, +/- fluorescence

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18
Q

microsporum

A

ectothrix, +/- fluorescence

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19
Q

T. tonsurans

A

tinea capitis, tinea corporis
granular powdery front and mahogany reverse
pencil shaped swollen microconidia of varying size
cx: need thiamine

19
Q

T. rubrum

A

tinea unguium, corporis, capitis
powder puff front, red wine reverse
microconidia lined up like birds on a wire or plucked grape stem

20
Q

T. tonsurans

A

tinea capitis, tinea corporis
pencil shaped swollen microconidia of varying size
cx: need thiamine

20
Q

t. mentagorophytes

A 
zoophilic
white wooly front & orange reverse
spiral (curly fry) hyphae 
urease +
potato dextrose +
hair perforation test + (t. rubrum -)
21
Q

t. soudanense

A

right-angle branching hyphae

…39

21
Q

t. violaceum

A

…38

21
Q

t. soudanense

A

right-angle branching hyphae

…39

21
Q

t. violaceum

A

…38

22
Q

T. rubrum

A

tinea unguium, corporis, capitis

microconidia lined up like birds on a wire or plucked grape stem

23
Q

t. verrucosum

A

cattle…40

23
Q

t. verrucosum

A

cattle…40

24
Q

t. concentricum

A

tinea imbricata
pacific islands
‘balloon shaped’ chlamydoconidia and antler-like hyphae

25
Q

t. mentagorophytes

A 
zoophilic
spiral (curly fry) hyphae 
urease +
potato dextrose +
hair perforation test + (t. rubrum -)
26
Q

t. shoenleinii

A 
tinea capitis (favus)
endothrix
favic chandeliers
27
Q

45

A

45

28
Q

m. canis

A

‘dogs tail’

29
Q

m. audouinii

A

grey-tan front, orange salmon reverse. mouse fur

…

30
Q

tinea capitis types

A

gray-patch ringworm - microsporum, endothrix
black-dot ringworm - t. tonsurans & t. violaceum, endothrix. do not fluoresce
kerion - m. canis & t. tonsurans. abscess, scarring alopecia, LAD
favus - t. schoenleinii. scutulae sulfur yellow crusts. KOH w/ arthroconidia and airspaces within hair shaft

31
Q

m. nanum

A

pigs…

32
Q

m. gallinae

A

chickens..

33
Q

e. floccosum

A

tinea pedis, cruris
khaki-colored colony w/ orange-brown reverse
club-shaped macroconidia - NO microconidia (also macrosporum)

34
Q

dermatophyte test medium

A

dermatophytes produce alkaline = red

nondermatophytes produce acid = yellow

35
Q

wood’s lamp

A

365 nm (lost in the woods for a year)

36
Q

Fluorescent positive infections

A

Cats And Dogs Fight and Growl Sometimes

37
Q

tinea capitis organism? presentation?

A

all trichophyton and microsporum (except t. concentricum and e. floccosum)
MC: t. tonsurans (m. canis mc world-wide)
5-15% urban children asx’ly colonized
can look like seb derm - scrape, alopecia

38
Q

tinea capitis pathogenesis?

A

incubation 2-4 days
hyphae descent to form ‘Adamson fringe” - level of keratinization
hair breakage at 3 wks

39
Q

tinea capitis types

A

gray-patch ringworm - microsporum, endothrix

black-dot ringworm - t. tonsurans & t. violaceum, endothrix. do not fluoresce

40
Q

endothrix infections

A

Say Say Violet..67

41
Q

tinea capitis txt

A

griseofulvin, terbinafine with shampoo

treat household contacts (adults are carriers)

42
Q

tinea barbae

A

contact w/ farm animals
deep - nodular & suppurative. t mentagrophytes
superficial - crust w/ bald patches. t. violaceum or t rubrum
DOES NOT AFFECT UPPER LIP

43
Q

tinea faciei

A

t. rubrum, t. mentagrophytes
upper lip females & children
looks like SLE - it is photosensitive!
can have folliculitis - oral txt

44
Q

tinea corporis

A

MCC t. rubrum

46
Q

Ectothrix organisms

A

Dogs and Cats Fight Sometimes

Andrews (15 decks)

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