Structure and Function Lecture Qs Part 2 Flashcards
what are odland bodies (lamellar granules)
small granular membrane bound vacules in cytoplasm of keratinocytes
associated with storage and release of lipid precursors
what is filaggrin degraded to? what 2 functions do these products serve?
urocanic acid and pyrrolidone carboxylic acid
hydrates the stratum corneum and blocks UV radiation
which layer of the skin contains keratohyaline granules? what do the granules contain?
stratum granulosum
profilaggrin, keratin, loricrin
results in soft, flexible keratin
keratins make up type __ and type __ intermediate filaments
type 1 and type 2
once keratinocytes flatten and reach the granular layer, they lose nuclei and extrude all cellular contents except what 2 components?
keratin and filaggrin
the distal nail matrix is formed by what plate and the proximal nail matrix is formed by what plate
distal = ventral plate proximal = dorsal plate
growth rate of fingernails and toenails
fingernails = 0.1mm/day (4-6 mo to regrow nail) toenails = 0.03 mm/day (12-18 mo to replace nail)
content of sebum
glycerides, wax esters, squalene
sebaceous glands of penis, nipple, oral mucosa
penis = tyson glands
nipple = montgomery tubicles
oral mucosa = fordyce spots
growth rate of hair
0.37 mm/day
first layer of inner root sheath to be cornified
henle
layers of hair bulb from inner to outer
hair shaft (medulla, cortex, cuticle), inner root sheath (cuticle, huxley, henle), outer root sheath
3 sections of hair follicle
infundibular segment (epidermis to sebaceous duct) isthmus (sebaceous duct to arrector pili) inferior segment (bulb, dermal papilla)
eccrine gland stains
S100, CEA
eccrine duct sections
acrosyringium
straight dermal portion
coiled secretory portion in panniculus
where are glomus cells derived and what do they do
derived form susquet-hoyer canals
found between arterioles and venules
shunt blood and regulate temperature
mast cell stains
toludine blue
methylene blue
giemsa
leder (good when cells have degranulated)
macrophage receptor stains
S100, Factor 8a, CD68, CD163, CD25
elastin stains
verhoeff-van Gieson
orcean
resorcin-fuchsin
5 members of the plakin family
BPAg 1 desmoplakin periplakin envoplakin plectin
stem cell rich sites
rete ridges and hair bulbs
sebaceous gland secretion
holocrine
location of langerhans cells
stratum spinosum
2 types of melanin pigment
eumelanin (brown/black)
pheomelanin (red/yellow)
normal turnover of epidermis
26-28 days
keratin of basal layer and upper stratum spinosum
basal layer: keratin 5 and 14
stratum spinosum: keratin 1 and 10
type 1 and type 2 keratins (acid/base, chromosomes)
type 1: acidic, keratins 9-20 (ch 17)
type 2: basic, keratins 1-8 (ch12)
