Bacterial Diseases 2 Megan's Qs Flashcards
What produces the blue pigment in pseudomonas? Yellow/green pigment? Black pigment?
blue pigment (pyocyanin); yellow-green pigment (fluorescein); black (Pyomelinin)
What causes Ecthyma gangrenosum?
pseudomonas
What causes Ecthyma?
Ulcerative staph or strep pyoderma
What causes Ecthyma dipthericum?
Corynebacterium diphtheria
What causes Ecthyma contagiosum?
Orf
How do you treat Hot tub folliculitis with systemic symptoms, and what is the cause?
Cipro; pseudomonas
What cells do you see in Malakoplakia and what is the cause?
foamy eosinophilic von Hansemann cells (macrophages) containing calcified, concentrically laminated,
intracytoplasmic bodies called Michaelis–Gutmann bodies
a. Sheets of histiocytes (von Hansemann cells) with foamy eosinophilic granular cytoplasm and small,
usually eccentric nuclei
b. Michaelis-Gutmann bodies: Calcified, concentrically laminated intracytoplasmic basophilic bodies
Other name for granuloma inguinale, and cause?
a. Clinically?
b. 3 types?
c. Histo cells?
d. Treatment?
Donovanosis; Klebsiella granulomatis
a. painless BEEFY RED ULCERATIVE LESION
b. Ulcerovegetative type, cicatricial, nodular
c. Donovan bodies- Intracytoplasmic bipolar staining, safety pin-shaped, inclusion bodies seen in pale
histiocytes
d. Doxycycline x 3 wks or until healed
Parastized macrophage DDX?
HIS Pen GiRL: Histoplasmosis Penicillium marfenii Granuloma inguinale Rhinoscleroma Leishmaniasis and Blasto, Paracoccidio, Trypanosomiasis, Toxoplasma
What causes a Chancroid?
a. Clinically?
b. TX?
c. Gram stain?
Haemophilus ducreyi
a. u/l painful adenitis. may suppurate –> bubo
b. azithro 1 gm x1
c. school of fish pattern with gram neg rods
What does Chlamydia trachomatis cause?
a. which serotypes
b. what are 3 stages
c. treatment
lymphogranuloma venereum
a. L1, L2, L3
b. painless ulcer; bubo (+groove sign), anogenital rectal syndrome
c. doxy 100 mg BID x 3 wks
MCC purulent urethritis in men
neisseria gonorrhea
fitz-hugh-curtis syndrome
acute perihepatitis w/ hepatic capsular adhesions (untreated PID)
risk factor for gonococcemia
a. most common site for septic arthritis
b. culture medium
C5-C9 deficiency
a. knee
b. Thayer Martin agar
Rx for uncomplicated gonorrhea
a. dissminated
b. what else should you cover for
ceftriaxone 125 mg IM x 1
a. ceftriaxone 1 g IM or IV q24 hr, then cephalosporin x 1 wk
b. cover chlamydia (azithro 1 gm PO x1)
how does meningococcemia present
a. txt
b. contacts
angular infarcts w/ erythematous rim and gun-metal gray interior
a. penicillin G 300,000 u/kg/day IV x 10-14 d
b. ppx with rifampin 600 mg PO BID x 2 d
waterhouse-friderichsen syndrome
adrenal hemorrhage/infarct 2˚ hypotension in meningococcemia
how does one get vibrio vulnificus
raw/undercooked fish, shelffish, raw oysters
v. cholera = watery diarrhea
what are rose spots, what causes them?
caused by salmonella typhi
2-5 mm rose-colored macules/papule on anterior trunk btwn nipples & umbilicus
seen in 50-60% after 7-10 d fever/diarrhea
what causes Hebra nose
rhinoscleroma (klebsiella rhinoscleromatis)
nasal enlargement, deformity, destruction of cartilage
what cells help aide diagnosis of Hebra nose
Mikulicz cells (parasitized histiocytes) russell bodies (plasma cells with eosinophilic aggregates of immunoglobulin)
what do dog bites give you
pasturella multocida - capnocytophaga canimorsus (DF-2 gram neg rod)
human bits give you what? txt
eikenella corrodens
augmentin
what causes glanders
burkholderia (pseudomonas) mallei
direct contact with horses, mules, donkeys
what is the sporotrichoid spread DDx
SLANT sporotrichosis leishmaniasis atypical mycobacterium norcardiosis tularemia
what causes Melioidosis (whitmore disease)
burkolderia pseudomallei
MCC chronic LAN in children
a. cause
b. how is it spread
c. cause of oculoglandular syndrome of Parinaud
cat scratch ds
a. bartonella henslae
b. cat flea (ctenocephalides felis)
c. oculoglandular syndrome of Parinaud: chronic granulomatous conjunctivitis & preauricular adenopathy from conjunctiva innoculation site
cause of bacillary angiomatosis
a. what mediates the Jarisch-herxheimer reaction
bartonella henselae, bartonella quintana
a. IL-6 and TNF-alpha
what causes peliosis hepatitis
bartonella henselae
cause of carrion’s disease
a. acute vs chronic and assoc problems
b. txt
bartonella bacilliformis
a. acute: oroya fever = 2-6 wks after bite –> hemolytic anemia
chronic: verruga peruana = angiomatous PG like lesions after wks-mos
b. chloramphenicol 2 g daily + beta lactam
rocha-lima bodies
seen in verruga peruana
purple cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in endothelial cells
cause of trench fever
a. vector
B. quintana
a. body louse (pediculus humanus corporis)
cause of bubonic plague
a. what transmits it
b. comb or no comb
c. txt
yersinia pestis
a. xenopsylla cheopis (rat flea)
b. no comb
c. streptomycin 2g/d IM x 10d
cause of haverhill fever? other name? presentation?
streptobacillus moniliformis
a. rat bite fever (fever + arthritis + rash)
other name for icteric leptospirosis? cause? presentation?
weil syndrome
leptospira interrogans serotype icterohemorrhagiae
f/c, jaundice, purpura, renal fail, hemorrhage, pulm/liver/encephalitis
nonicteric leptospirosis other name? cause?
fort bragg fever
leptospira autumnalis
pre-tibial exanthem, fever (3-7 d, followed by 1-2 day absence), conjunctiva, HA
cause of Ohara’s ds? other name? soure?
francisella tularensis
tularemia
handling wild rabits
txt of rickettsial disease
doxy 100 mg bid x 7 days
cause of endemic typhus? vector? host?
R. prowazekii
pediculus humanus var corporis (body louse)
humans and flying squirrels
cause of endemic (murine) typhus? vector?
rickettsia typhi xenopsylla cheopis (rat flea)
disease resulting from chiggers bite? cause?
scrub typhus (tsutsugamushi fever) rickettsia tsutsugamushi
cause rocky mountain spotted fever? vectors? reservoir?
rickettsia ricketsii wood tick - D. andersoni (west US) dog tick - D. variabilis (east US) lone star tick - amblyomma americanum reservoir - dogs, small animals
boutonneuse fever cause? vector? indurated papule produced by tick bite?
aka mediterranean fever
rickettsia conorii
brown dog tick (rhiphicephalus sanguineus)
tache noir
rickettsial pox cause? vector? reservoir? weil-felix positive or negative?
rickettsia akari
vector: rodent mite = allodermanyssys sanguineus (blood mite)
reservoir: mus musculus (house mouse)
weil-felix negative
human monocytic erlichiosis cause? vector? what is seen on wright-giemsa stain of leukocytes?
ehrlichia chafeensis
vector: amblyomma americanum (lonestar tick)
wright-giemsa: mulberry inculsions (morula)
cause of human granulocytotropic anaplasmosis? vector?
ehrlichia phagocytophilia
cause of lyme disease in US? vector? 3 stages? 10% untreated pts get?
borellia burgdorferi
vector: ixodes scapularis and dammini (nw/midwest), pacificus (west), ricinus (europe)
stage 1: erythema migrans
stage 2: hematogenous spread, borrelia lymphocytoma = b cell proliferation w/ blue red swelling on ear lobe or areola/scrotum
stage 3: inflamatory, acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans, meningitis/encephalitis
untreated: carditis w/ AV block
cause of acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans ‘herxheimer disease’? transmitted by? seen where?
borellia afzelii
ixodes ricinus
europe
