Superficial Face and Muscles of Face Expression Flashcards
what is the skin over the angle of the mandible innervated by?
cervical plexus with the great auricular nerve (C2&c3)
where does CNVII enter the skull?
via the internal acoustic meatus
where does CNVII exit the skull?
the stylomastoid foramen
what are the two branches given off of CNVII before the nerve enters the parotid gland?
- posterior auricular
- digastric nerve
what are the five branches of CNVII?
- Temporal branch
- Zygomatic branch
- Buccal branch
- Marginal Mandibular branch
- Cervical branch
what does the temporal branch of CNVII innervate?
Forehead & muscles around upper eyelids:
- frontal belly of occipitofrontalis
- orbicularis oculi
what does the zygomatic branch of CNVII innervate?
Lower eyelid & upper lip
- orbicularis oculi
- upper lip muscles
What does the buccal branch of CNVII innervate?
- buccinator
- orbicularis oris
what does the marginal mandibular branch of CNVII innervate?
Lower lip & chin
- orbicularis oris
what does the cervical branch of CNVII innervate?
the platysma muscle
what is the Occipitofrontalis muscle innervated by?
Frontal belly = temporal branch of CNVII
Occipital belly = posterior auricular branch of CNVII
where does the frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis originate from?
epicranial aponeurosis
where does the frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis insert from?
inserts into skin/subcutaneous tissue of eyebrows & forehead
where does the occipital belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle originate from?
lateral 2/3 of superior nuchal line
where does the occipital belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle insert into?
the epicranial aponeurosis
what are the actions of the occipitofrontalis muscle?
- retract the scalp (occipital belly)
- wrinkle the forehead & elevate eyebrows (frontal belly)
what are the different parts of the Orbicularis Oculi muscle?
- orbital part
- palpébral part
what is the Orbicularis Oculi muscle innervated by?
Temporal and zygomatic branches of CNVII
where does the palpebral part of the orbicularis oculi muscle originate from?
the medial palpebral ligament
where does the palpebral part of the orbicularis oculi muscle instead into?
the lateral palpebral raphe at the ligament
where does the orbital part of the orbicularis oculi muscle originate from?
the nasal part of the frontal bone, frontal process of maxilla and medial palpebral ligament
where does the orbital part of the orbicularis oculi muscle insert into?
into skin around the margin of the orbit
what are the actions of the Orbicularis Oculi?
- close the eyelids gently (involuntary or blinking reflex; palpebral part)
- close the eyelids tightly (voluntary; orbital part)
what type of muscle is the Orbicularis Oris?
sphincter muscle
where does the orbicularis oris originate from?
- partially from buccinator/surrounding muscles
- medial mandible/maxilla
where does the orbicularis oris insert into?
mucous membrane of lips
what is the action of the orbicularis oris?
close and/or protrude the lips
- helps to keep food between the occlusal surfaces of teeth
where does the buccinator muscle originate from?
- posterior part of alveolar processes of maxilla/mandible
- pterygomandibular raphe
where does the buccinator insert into?
fibres merge with the orbicularis oris
what are the actions of the buccinator muscle?
- presses the cheeks against the molar teeth
- works with the tongue to keep food between occlusal surfaces of teeth
- assists with smiling & resists distension
where is the buccal fat pad located?
superficially to the buccinator
where does the parotid duct travel to in order to enter oral cavity?
parotid duct lies on top of masseter before reaching the buccinator & piercing it while en route to the oral cavity
- enters oral cavity near superior 2nd molar tooth
where does the platysma muscle originate from?
subcutaneous tissue of the infraclavicular & supraclavicular regions
where does the platysma muscle insert into?
- base of mandible to merge with orbicularis oris
- skin of cheek
- lower lip
- angle of mouth
what are the actions of the platysma muscle?
- tense the skin of inferior face/neck
- depress the mandible
what are the dilator muscles?
- levator anguli oris
- zygomaticus major
- risorius
- depressor anguli oris
- levator labii superioris
- zygomaticus minor
- depressor labii inferioris
what facial muscle causes flaring of the nostrils & elevation of the upper lip?
levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
what is majority of the blood supply to the face supplied from?
external carotid artery (some from internal carotid)
what are the branches of the external carotid artery that supply the face?
- facial
- branches of maxillary (buccal, mental, infraorbital)
- transverse facial branch of superficial temporal artery
what branches of the internal carotid artery supply the face?
- zygomaticofacial
- zygomaticotemporal
- supraorbital
- supratrochlear
explain the venous drainage of the face:
facial vein drains most of the face to internal jugular vein
