Superficial Back Review Flashcards
Which muscles make up the superficial back?
Trapezius, latissimus dorsi, rhomboid major, rhomboid minor, levator scapulae
Trapezius origin
Medial third of superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, and SPs of C7-T12
Trapezius insertion
Lateral third of clavicle, scapular spine, acromion
Trapezius innervation and spinal levels
Spinal accessory n. (motor), C3 and C4 (proprioception)
C3, C4, spinal part of CN XI accessory
Trapezius actions
Upper fibers: elevate scapula
Middle fibers: retract scapula
Lower fibers: depress scapula
Bilateral contraction: extends head
Ipsilateral contraction: laterally flexes head and CV
Latissimus dorsi origin
Thoracolumbar fascia, SPs of lower 6 thoracic and all 5 lumbar, sacrum, iliac crest, and lower 3 or 4 ribs
Latissimus dorsi insertion
Floor of intertubercular groove
Latissimus dorsi innervation and spinal levels
Thoracodorsal n.
Spinal levels C6 and C7 mostly; also C8
Rhomboid major origin and insertion
SPs of T2-T5
Medial border of scapula between the spine and inferior angle
Rhomboid major & minor innervation and spinal levels
Dorsal scapular n.
Mostly C5: also C4
Rhomboid major & minor actions
Retraction of scapula, elevation of medial border of scapula, downward rotation of scapula
Rhomboid minor origin and insertion
SPs C7-T1
Between root of scapular spine and superior angle of scapula, above rhomboid major
Levator scapulae origin and insertion
Posterior tubercles of TPs of C1-C3/4
Superior angle of the scapula
Levator scapulae innervation and spinal levels
Dorsal scapular n. and ventral rami C3 and C4
Levels C3, C4, C5
Levator scapulae actions
Downward rotation of scapula, elevates and retracts scapula with trapezius, laterally flexes neck if scapula is fixed
