Pectoral Region Flashcards
cutaneous nerves
Which nerve innervates the base of the neck and laterally over the shoulder?
Supraclavicular nerves (C3, C4)
cutaneous nerves
What nerves innervate the lateral aspect of the arm?
Upper lateral brachial cutaneous nerves (from axillary nerve (C5))
Lower lateral brachial cutaneous nerves (from radial nerve (C5, C6))
cutaneous nerves
Which nerve innervates the axilla?
Intercostobrachial nerve (T2)
cutaneous nerves
Which nerve innervates the anterior medial aspect of the arm?
Medial brachial cutaneous nerve (C8, T1)
cutaneous nerves
Which nerve innervates the posterior medial aspect of the arm?
posterior brachial cutaneous nn (from radial n (C8, T1))
cutaneous nerves
Which nerves innervate the lateral posterior aspect of the arm & forearm?
Lower lateral brachial cutaneous nerves (from radial nerve (C6, C7))
Posterior antebrachial cutaneous nerve (inferior) (from radial nerve (C6, C7))
Which nerve runs from above to below the clavicle?
Supraclavicular nerves
Name the lymph nodes in the neck
Deep cervical lymph nodes
Name the lymph nodes superior and inferior to the clavicle
Supraclavicular lymph nodes
Infraclavicular lymph nodes
Name the lymph nodes in the axilla
Central axillary lymph nodes
Subscapular axillary lymph nodes
Anterior axillary (pectoral) lymph nodes
Name the lymph nodes inferior to the pectoral muscles
Inframammary lymph nodes
Name the lymph nodes around the sternum
Parasternal lymph nodes
Which fascia is most superficial in the pectoral region?
Pectoral fascia
Which fascia runs deep to the pectoral muscles, connecting to the clavicle?
Clavipectoral fascia
What structure connects the coracoid process to the ribs?
Costocoracoid membrane
What structure connects the clavipectoral fascia to the axillary fascia?
Suspensory ligament of the axilla
Which fascia connects the suspensory ligament of the axilla to the axilla?
Axillary fascia
In the deltopectoral triangle, when the pectoralis major muscle is reflected, which nerve, artery, and vein can be found?
Lateral pectoral nerves, thoracoacromial artery, cephalic vein
Which bones are in the pectoral region?
Clavicle, sternum, ribs and costal cartilages, scapula, proximal humerus
Which muscles are in the pectoral region?
Pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, subclavius, serratus anterior
Origin and insertion of pectoralis major
Origin: clavicular head (arises off the medial 1/3 of clavicle), sternal head (arises from the costal margin of the sternum and the 2nd to 6th costal cartilages
Insertion: lateral lip of the intertubercular sulcus
Innervation of pectoralis major & minor
medial and lateral pectoral nerves
Actions of pectoralis major
Adduction, flex an extended arm and extend a flexed arm, medial rotation
Origin and insertion of pectoralis minor
Origin: ribs 2-5
Insertion: coracoid process of scapula
Actions of pectoralis minor
Protract scapula and elevates ribs
Origin and Insertion of subclavius
Origin: superior surface of first rib near the costocartilage junction
Insertion: middle third of the clavicle
Innervation and spinal levels of subclavius
nerve to subclavius
(C5, C6)
Action of the subclavius
Depress the clavicle
Origin and insertion of serratus anterior
Origin: upper 9 ribs
Insertion: ventral aspect of the medial border of the scapula
Innervation and spinal levels of serratus anterior
long thoracic nerve
(C5, C6, C7)
Actions of serratus anterior
Protracts the scapula, upward rotation of the glenoid fossa
Due to the superficial nature of the long thoracic nerve, it is commonly injured producing:
winging of the scapula
