Superficial Back Muscles

Question 1

Trapezius

Answer 1

O: external occipital protuberance + ligamentum nuchae + spinous processes of C7 - T12

I: spine of scapula, acromion, and lateral third of clavicle

A: elevation of scapula, retraction of scapula, depression of scapula, and rotation of glenoid cavity upward

In: accessory nerve

Question 2

Latissimus Dorsi

Answer 2

O: spinous processes of T7-S5 + posterior part of iliac crest

I: medial lip (crest of lesser tubercle) + floor of intertubercular groove of humerus

A: extension, adduction, and medial rotation of arm

In: thoracodorsal nerve

Question 3

Levator Scapulae

Answer 3

O: transverse processes of C1 - C4

I: superior angle and upper part of medial border of scapula

A: elevation of scapula

In: dorsal scapular nerve + spinal levels C3 and C4

Question 4

Rhomboid Minor

Answer 4

O: lower part of ligamentum nuchae + spinous processes of C7 - T1

I: medial border of the scapula at base of spine

A: elevation and retraction of scapula + downward rotation of glenoid cavity

In: dorsal scapular nerve

Question 5

Rhomboid Major

Answer 5

O: spinous processes of T2-T5

I: medial border of the scapula below the rhomboid minor

A: elevation and retraction of scapula + downward rotation of glenoid cavity

In: dorsal scapular nerve