Sunburn

Question 1

What is skin ?

Answer 1

Skin is a barrier system to protect the organism from the environment

Question 2

There are 3 layers of skin

Answer 2

1.epidermis
2.dermis
3.hypodermis

Question 3

What are the principles of drug application

Answer 3

-lipid solubility of product
-state of hydration stratum corneum
-drug concentration in the vehicle
-thickness of skin
-quantity applied

Question 4

What’s the definition of sunburn

Answer 4

Inflammation of the skin caused by overexposure to ultraviolet radiation / sunlight or erythema solare
-it’s an inflammatory response in the skin triggered by direct DNA damage by UVR

Question 5

Signs and symptoms of sunburn

Answer 5

-skin redness
-pain
-itchiness
-skin peeling
-dehydration
-swelling

Question 6

Give pathogenesis of sunburn

Answer 6

• It’s when the skin is subjected to excessive radiation and direct nuclear damage
• Melanoma: chronic exposure
  -Sun inflammation causes erythema

Question 7

Causes of sunburn

Answer 7

-biological
•uv radiation from the sun or from artificial sources

-medications
•certain antibiotics (ciprofloxacin), oral contraceptives (norgestrel), tranquillisers (haloperidol)

-tanning
•suntans as protective mechanisms against the sun

-ozone depletion
•chemical damage due to atmosphere’s ozone layer

Question 8

Risk factors of sunburn

Answer 8

-having light skin tone
-living somewhere sunny, warm or high altitude
-working outdoors
-history of sunburn
-taking drugs that makes you more likely to burn

Question 9

Non-pharmacological treatment of sunburn

Answer 9

-apply Aloe Vera to affected area
-drink a lot of water
-avoid UV light for long term

Question 10

Pharmacological treatment of sunburn

Answer 10

-Ibuprofen
-Acetaminophen
-Hydrocortisone cream 1%
-Benzocaine cream

Question 11

Prevention of sunburn

Answer 11

-avoid the sun during peak hours 10am-2pm
-cover skin under sun exposure
-wear sunscreen with high SPF
-avoid tanning
-avoid drugs that can sensitiz3 the skin to radiation injury

Question 12

1 SPF value equals how many minutes of exposure before skin starts to burn ?

Answer 12

1 SPF = 10 minutes

Question 13

Complications of sunburn

Answer 13

-premature cataract
-pigmented skin lesion development
-premature aging
-skin cancer
-severe wrinkling

Question 14

How to reduce risks of sunburn ?

Answer 14

-lessen risk of sun damage
-apply broad spectrum sunscreen
-see a dermatologist