Summer Review Flashcards
chemistry
the study of matter, its structure, properties, and composition, and the changes that matter undergoes
What are the five branches of chemistry?
Organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, analytical chemistry, physical chemistry and biochemistry
What is matter?
anything that has mass and occupies space
What is mass?
a measure of the quantity of matter. It is not affected by temperature, location or any other factor that is known to make other measures of quantity unreliable
What are the three groups of matter?
elements, compounds and mixtures
What is a substance?
a kind of matter, all samples of which have the same properties or characteristics.
What is an element?
a substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by ordinary chemical change.
Ex: oxygen, mercury copper, iron
What is a compound and what are its 3 important characteristics?
a substance made up of two or more elements chemically combined.
Ex: sugar
1. Elements making up a compound are combined in a definite proportion by mass
2. The chemical and physical properties of a compound differ from those of its constitutes. (ex: think of elements and their properties in water)
3. Compounds can be formed from simpler substances by chemical change, and they can be decomposed into simpler substances by chemical change
What is a mixture?
Consists of two or more substances, each of which retains its individual properties.
What are the 3 ways a mixture can be formed?
- When an element is mixed with one or more other elements
- A compound is mixed with one or more other compounds
- One or more elements are mixed with one or more compounds
constituents
the substances that are combined to form a mixture
