Chapter 6: The PT & Periodic Law Flashcards
John Newlands
Classical piano player/scientist. He noticed that properties of elements repeated similarly to an octave (in eighths). “Law of Octaves”. People thought that this musical analogy was unscientific
Lothar Meyer & Dimitri Mendeleev
Copy from class notes
Periodic law
The statement that there is a periodic repetition of chemical and physical properties of the elements when they are arranged by increasing atomic number.
Groups
Column/family of the PT
Periods
Rows on the PT
Representative elements
Groups designated with an A (1A-8A). They possess a wide range of chemical & physical properties.
Transition elements
(The ones in the middle of the table). Groupz designated with a B (1B-8B)
Metals
Elements that are... ALL GROUP B ELEMENTS (and most group A) Shiny when smooth & clean Solid at room temp GOOD CONDUCTORS (of heat/electricity) (Also... Most are malleable- can be pounded into thin sheets & ductile- can be drawn in wires
Alkali metals
Group 1A.
Chemically reactive. More reactive than alkaline earth metals.
Alkaline earth metals
Group 2A elements
Chemically reactive
Inner transition metals
2 sets located along bottom of PT known as the lanthanide & actinide series
Transition metals
Group B elements not in the lanthanide and actinide series.
Nonmetals
Elements that are generally gases or brittle, dull-looking solids. POOR CONDUCTORS of heat & electricity. Bromine: ONLY nonmetal that is liquid at room temp
Halogens
Highly reactive group 7A
Noble gases
Group 8A, extremely unreactive
