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Micro B3 > Summary Study > Flashcards

Summary Study Flashcards

1
Q

·invasive tissue infections, e.g. skin and tissue infections (invasive enzymes and toxins)
·food poisoning (pre-formed enterotoxin)
·Toxic Shock Syndrome (toxin)
·Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) (scalded skin syndrome) ( toxin)
·septicemia / bacteremia
·bone / joint infection

A

Staphylococcus aureus (coagulase positive) (MRSA)

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2
Q

normal skin flora; endocarditis

A

Staphylococcus epidermidis (coagulase negative staph, CNS)

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3
Q

UTI in women of childbearing age

A

Staphylococcus saprophyticus

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4
Q

·invasive tissue infections (invasive enzymes and toxins)
impetigo, cellulitis, erysipelas; scarlet fever – erythrogenic toxin

necrotizing fasciitis (strep gangrene, invasive cellulitis, “flesh-eating bacteria”) & streptococcal toxin shock syndrome (highly invasive enzymes and toxins)

acute exudative pharyngitis –> post-streptococcal complications – rheumatic fever, acute glomerulonephritis

A

Streptococcus pyogenes, group A

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5
Q

pneumonitis and meningitis in neonates from vaginal flora

A

Group B Streptococcus

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6
Q

pneumonia, otitis media, sinusitis; meningitis

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae (capsule, IgA protease)

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7
Q

bacteremia, nosocomial wounds & UTI (multi-drug resistance)

A

Enterococcus faecalis

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8
Q

massive diarrhea (toxin)

A

Vibrio cholerae (curved bacilli)

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9
Q

gastroenteritis from contaminated shellfish

A

Vibrio parahemolyticus

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10
Q

septicemia, cellulitis, gastroenteritis

A

Vibrio vulnificus

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11
Q

gastroenteritis, esp. from contaminated chicken or raw milk

A

Campylobacter jejuni (microaerophilic, curved bacilli)

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12
Q

· gastroenteritis (diarrhea), esp. from contaminated poultry (chicken) and reptiles (turtles, salamanders)
· invasion of intestinal mucous membrane but w/o significant deeper invasion or bloodstream invasion

A

Salmonella enteritidis (Antigenic types B & D predominate in USA)

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13
Q

· initial invasion and multiplication w/in intestinal membrane followed by invasion of bloodstream
· invasion/localization in gallbladder, spleen, liver, bones

A

Salmonella typhi – typhoid fever

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14
Q

· dysentery (bacillary dysentery, shigellosis) - invasion of intestinal epithelial cells with sloughing and bleeding
· exotoxin produced by some strains
· endotoxins stimulate some disease responses

A

Shigella (Antigenic groups D and B predominate in USA

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15
Q

· urinary tract infections (adherence and colonization)

A

Escherichia coli (genes for most toxins on plasmids) – normal fecal flora

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16
Q

severe watery diarrhea due to cholera-like enterotoxins, esp. in travelers

A

· ETEC

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17
Q

hemorrhagic colitis; enteroinvasive - invasion of intestinal epithelium, dysentery/bloody diarrhea, shiga-toxins, endotoxin

may cause hemolytic uremic syndrome; predominantly due to serotype O157:H7

A

· EHEC

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18
Q

tubercle bacteria survive macrophage & in lymph nodes

CMI slows growth & causes inflammation; bacteria contained w/in tubercles; disease remains latent/dormant possibly for years

mild/asymptomatic – skin test pos; chest x-ray neg; no sputum produced

A

primary TB

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (acid fast bacillus) -- use 3-5 drugs to overcome multi-drug resistance
·	tuberculosis (pulmonary and/or disseminated)
19
Q

skin test pos, x-ray pos, sputum pos

CMI fails to contain growth; tubercles (Ghon complex) necrotic; enlarge & rupture into airways & blood vessels

A

clinical TB/secondary TB

 Mycobacterium tuberculosis (acid fast bacillus) -- use 3-5 drugs to overcome multi-drug resistance
·	tuberculosis (pulmonary and/or disseminated)
20
Q

pulmonary lesions & lymphadenitis; esp. in AIDS patients; resistant to many antituberculosis drugs

A

Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex

21
Q

meningitis in unvaccinated young children (HIB), epiglottitis, otitis media

A

Haemophilus influenzae

22
Q

chancroid (Asia)

A

Haemophilus ducreyi

23
Q

meningococcal meningitis (primarily in ages 4-40; outbreaks in school settings)

A

Neisseria meningitis

24
Q

– gonorrhea (urethritis, endocervicitis); septic arthritis

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

25
Q

atypical bacteria, tissue cell culture; lab diagnosis by Ag detection
· STD “non-gonococcal urethritis/cervicitis” ; Trachoma-Inclusion Conjunctivitis

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

26
Q

mild pneumonia, bronchitis; atherosclerosis

A

Chlamydia pneumoniae

27
Q

atypical bacteria, not cultured on typical agar media; lab diagnosis by Ag or Ab detection
· primary atypical pneumonia

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

28
Q

· Rocky Mountain spotted fever; Epidemic Typhus– headache, fever, pain, rash

A

Rickettsia (atypical, obligate intracellular parasites) – ID by antigen or antibody detection from blood or biopsy

· R. rickettsii, R. prowazekii (others) – species specific and vector specific

29
Q

– food poisoning, meningitis

A

Listeria monocytogenes

30
Q

anthrax

A

Bacillus anthracis

31
Q

anaerobic, food poisoning, gangrene

A

Clostridium perfringens

32
Q

Clostridium botulinum

A

anaerobic, botulism from food poisoning (pre-formed toxin)

33
Q

anaerobic, antibiotic associated diarrhea (pseudomembranous colitis)

A

Clostridium difficile

34
Q

anaerobic, tetanus (neurotoxin)

A

Clostridium tetani

35
Q

anaerobic, deep abscesses, aspiration pneumonia, empyema

A

Bacteroides fragilis –

36
Q

– opportunistic nosocomial pathogen, wound infections; resistant to many antibiotics

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

37
Q

– opportunistic pneumonia

A

Legionella

Klebsiella pneumoniae

38
Q

opportunistic bacteremia & UTI, esp. in burn patients

Coliform

A

Enterobacter

39
Q

nosocomial UTI & wound infections

A

Proteus

40
Q

opportunistic and nosocomial burn wound and UTI

A

Providencia

41
Q

– peptic ulcers

A

Helicobacter pylori

42
Q

pertussis (whooping cough

A

Bordetella pertussis

43
Q

Bronchitis?

A

Moraxella cattarhalis

Bordetella pertussis

Chlamydia pneumonia

Micro B3 (13 decks)

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