Sudden loss of vision conditions

Question 1

What are the features of CRAO?

Answer 1

Sudden onset vision loss in one eye
Amaurosis fugax
Hypercoagulable state
Atherosclerotic risk factors

Cherry red spot on pale retina
RAPD in severe cases

Question 2

What can cause CRAO?

Answer 2

Temporal arteritis
Atherosclerosis - leading to embolism
Glaucoma
Polycythaemia

Question 3

What are the features of retinal detachment?

Answer 3

Curtain over the field of vision
Dense shadow that starts peripherally progresses towards the central vision
Blurred or distorted vision - straight lines appear curved
Floaters
Flashes of light

Question 4

What are risk factors for developing retinal detachment?

Answer 4

Myopia - larger eyeball so retina thinner in periphery

Trauma

Question 5

What features occur in CRVO?

Answer 5

Sudden reduction or loss of visual acuity in one eye
Painless

Fundoscopy:
Severe retinal haemorrhage

Question 6

What are the risk factors for developing CRVO?

Answer 6

Increasing age
Glaucoma
Polycythaemia

Question 7

What are the features of viterous haemorrhage?

Answer 7

Sudden visual loss - in large bleed
Numerous dark spots - in moderate bleed
Floaters - in small bleed

Red hue to vision

Question 8

What are the features of posterior vitreous detachment?

Answer 8

Flashes of light in peripheral visual field

Floaters in temporal side of central vision