Sudan

Question 1

How did British get control of Sudan ?

Answer 1

• Kitchener conquered the Egyptian Sudan - culminating in the Battle of Omdurman and the fall of Khartam in 1898

Question 2

Why did the Sudanese welcome the downfall of the Mahdist regime ?

Answer 2

This was because the Mahdist regime had severely damaged the Sudanese economy and oversaw a population decline of 50% through famine, disease, persecution and warfare

Question 3

What did the British try to implement in the Sudan which the tribes did not like ?

Answer 3

The British attempted to create. modern government, introduce new penal codes, establish land tenure rules and a system of taxation for the first time which incense the Sudan.

Question 4

How did the British respond to the tribes refusing to renounce their customs and paying taxation, bringing down the heavy hand of British law ?

Answer 4

• In response a total of 33 expeditions were mounted to force tribesmen to accept new order and rebellious natives were often brutally treated.

Question 5

Challenges / revolts against British rule and control in the Sudan ?

Answer 5

• there were further Mahdist uprisings in 1900, 1902-3, 1904 and 1908.

Question 6

How did the British deal with the Mahdist uprisings ?

Answer 6

• A series of swift public hangings accompanies the last as the British sought to make an example of rebels - not even affording them a trial

Question 7

Economic development in the Sudan under the British ?

Answer 7

• telegraph and railway lines were extended to link key areas in northern Sudan
• port Sudan opened in 1906
• In 1911, a joint government/ private initiative set up the Gezira scheme. This helped grow cotton and provided high quality cotton for the British textile industry
• improvements in irrigation schemes

Question 7

How was British rule successful in Sudan ?

Answer 7

• region experienced economic development n the hands of the British