SUD 1 Flashcards
What street drug, if used chronically causes a hypodopaminergic state?
What is the mechanism?
COCAINE
Cocaine blocks DA reuptake in the synaptic cleft, leading to increased levels of DA. BUT when chronically used, this disturbance leads to DA depletion.
Dopamine AGONISTs are a class of medications used to treat Parkinsons Disease.
What are the 4 most commonly used?
- Pergolide
- Bromocriptine
- Pramipexole
- Ropinerole
What is the MOA of Buspirone?
5-HT 1A partial Agonist
What neuronal pathway is thought to be highly involved with the reward aspects of COCAINE use?
Mesolimbic pathway of DA neurons, starting from ventral tegmental area projecting to the nucleus accumbens
How long after taking PCP can it still be detected in urine?
8 days.
How long will these drugs show up in your urine?
- MJ
- Cocaine
- Heroine
- Variable, but up to 4 weeks
- Up to 2 days
- Up to 72 hours
What is the clinical syndrome of PCP intoxication? (9 s/s)
Significant behavior problems (agitation, assaultiveness, ext) PLUS:
- Vertical or horizontal nystagmus
- HTN
- tachycardia
- Numbness or diminished pain response
- Ataxia
- Dysarthria
- Muscle rigidity
- Hyperacusis (sound sensitivity)
- Seizures, Coma.
What are the SE of ongoing inhalant abuse?
- Neurotoxic effects can cause dementia
2. delirium, psychosis, mood problem and anxiety
What are symptoms of acute inhalant intoxication?
- Maladaptive behavior = assaultiveness, impaired judgement.
- Neurological signs = dizziness, slurred speech, ataxia, tremor, blurred vision, stupor and coma.
What is the hallmark of Amphetamine induced psychosis?
Paranoia.
What is the DSM criteria for substance use disorder?
2 or more in 12 month period:
- Increasing use over increasing period of time then intended.
- Desire/unsuccessful effort to cut down.
- Great amount of time spent using, acquiring, recovering.
- Cravings
- Functional decline in work, school, home
- Interpersonal/Social problems
- Importan activities are given up for substance use.
- Recurrent use where it is physically hazardous.
- Continued use despite knowledge of consequences.
- Withdrawal
- Tolerance.
