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Psychology NUR 172 > Substance Abuse > Flashcards

Substance Abuse Flashcards

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1
Q

substance abuse

A

habitual use outside medical necessity
purpose to alter mood, emotion, LOC
results in adverse effects

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2
Q

tolerance

A

when person has to take more of the drug to “stay normal” and prevent withdrawal

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3
Q

addiction

A

tolerance
control over substance lost
can lead to OD and be fatal

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4
Q

4 Cs of addiction

A

Craving
Continued use
Control is lost
Cognitive Impairment

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5
Q

examples of CNS stimulants

A 
Crack
Cocaine
Meth
Caffeine
Nicotine
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6
Q

common signs of CNS stimulant abuse

A

dilated pupils
dry oronasal cavity
excessive motor activity

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7
Q

withdrawal sx of CNS stimulants

A 
depression
paranoia
anger
lethargy
anxiety
insomnia
N/V
sweating
chills
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8
Q

examples of opiates

A 
Morphine
Heroin
Codeine
Fentanyl
Methadone
Meperidine
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9
Q

triad of sx for opioid toxicity

A

pinpoint pupils
depressed respirations
coma

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10
Q

opiate intoxication

A 
constricted pupils
decreased RR, BP
slurred speech
drowsiness
psychomotor retardation
impaired concentration, judgment, memory
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11
Q

withdrawal effects from opiates

A 
yawning
insomnia
irritability
rhinorrhea
panic
diaphoresis
cramps
N/V
muscle aches
chills and fever
lacrimation
diarrhea
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12
Q

opiate overdose

A 
anoxia
pupil dilation
respiratory arrest
cardiac arrest
coma
shock
convulsions
death
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13
Q

Meds for opioid addiction

A 
methadone (Dolophine)
l-a-acetylmethadol (LAAM)
naltrexone (ReVia)
clonidine (Catapres)
buprenorphine (Subutex/ Subaxone) combined with naltrexone
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14
Q

methadone (Dolophine)

A

used for opioid addiction

blocks craving for and effects of heroin

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15
Q

naltrexone (ReVia)

A

used for opioid addiction

blocks euphoric effects of opioids

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16
Q

clonidine (Catapres)

A

used for opioid addiction

somatic treatment if combined with naltrexone

17
Q

buprenorphine (Subutex/Subaxone)

A

blocks s/sx of opioid withdrawal

18
Q

Alcohol/CNS depressants

A

ETOH
Barbiturates
Benzos

19
Q

ETOH and CNS depressant intoxication

A 
slurred speech
ataxia
drowsiness
decreased BP
sexual or aggressive behavior
impaired judgment, cognition
irritability
20
Q

ETOH withdrawal

A

early signs in a few hours
peaks at 24-48 hrs
rapidly and dramatically disappears unless it progresses to delirium
irriability and “shaking inside”
grand mal seizures possible 7-49 hrs after cessation
illusions

21
Q

ETOH delirium

A 
medical emergency
possible death
peaks 2-3 days after cessation/reduction
autonomic hyperactivity
sensorial/perceptual disturbances
fluctuating loss of consciousness
paranoid delusions
agitated
temp 100F and higher
22
Q

early ETOH withdrawal s/sx, onset, duration

A

tremors, anxiety, palpitations, nausea, anorexia

onset: 6-8 hrs
duration: 1-2 days

23
Q

ETOH withdrawal seizures onset, duration

A

onset: 6-48 hrs
duration: 2-3 days

24
Q

ETOH hallucinations: types, onset, duration

A

visual, tactile, auditory

onset: 12-48hrs
duration: 1-2 days

25
Q

ETOH delirium sx, onset, duration

A

tachycardia, HTN, low-grade fever, diaphoresis, delirium, agitation

onset: 48–96 hrs
duration: 1-5 days

26
Q

meds to tx alcoholism

A

naltrexone (ReVia)
acamprosate (Campral)
topiramate (Topamax)
disulfiram (Antabuse)

27
Q

naltrexone (ReVia) for ETOH

A

reduce or eliminate ETOH and opioid craving

28
Q

acamprosate (Campral)

A

helps pt abstain from ETOH

29
Q

topiramate (Topamax)

A

decrease ETOH cravings

30
Q

disulfiram (Antabuse)

A

causes unpleasant physical effects (N/V)

31
Q

Marijuana s/e

A 
mixed depressant and hallucinogenic
detachment
relaxation
euphoria
apathy
intensified perceptions
impaired judgment/memory
slowed perception of time
heightened sensitivity to stimuli
32
Q

marijuana dependence

A

lethargy, anhedonia, difficulty concentrating, memory impairment

33
Q

conventional tx for people with addictions

A 
psychotherapy
group therapy
CBT
motivational incentives
motivational interviewing
34
Q

recovery models for people with addictions

A 
12 step program
SMART
residential intensive outpatient
outpatient drug-free
employee assistance

Psychology NUR 172 (12 decks)

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