Psych Exam 1

Question 1

Mental illness

Answer 1

loss of ability to respond to environment in accordance with oneself and society.

Question 2

signs of mental illness

Answer 2

depressive episodes, aggressive, delusions, hallucinations, inability to function at work, dependent, lack of self-confidence, unstable relationships, substance abuse

Question 3

signs of mental health

Answer 3

happiness, effective coping mechanisms, socially acceptable, contribute to society/family, effective at work, rational, stable relationships, healthy self-esteem, control over behavior, adaptable

Question 4

What causes mental illness?

Answer 4

diathesis-stress model

mixture of genetic vulnerability and environmental stressors

Question 5

difference between DSM V and nursing diagnosis

Answer 5

DSM V classifies mental health disorders and list criteria which needs to be met do be diagnosed with it.
Nursing diagnoses are use to develop a care plan of what the patient needs to get better

Question 6

patient rights

Answer 6

right to treatment: humane, individualized, quality staff
right to refuse treatment
right to informed consent

Question 7

When can a patient be withheld involuntarily?

Answer 7

danger to self or others, cannot meet own basic needs, in need of tx
generally court ordered: judicial, administration, or agency determination

Question 8

stages of stress

Answer 8

alarm
resistance
exhaustion

Question 9

eustress

Answer 9

“good” stress; helps us reach goals, take tests, critical thinking

Question 10

distress

Answer 10

prolonged, chronic effects of stress
negative to bodies
physiological and emotional harm
lowers immune system
exacerbates depression and anxiety

Question 11

illnesses directly tied to stress

Answer 11

depression
cancer
PTSD
heart disease
eczema
colds/flu

Question 12

short-term effects of stress

Answer 12

increased HR, RR
increased triglycerides
increased blood to skeletal muscles
increased muscle tension

Question 13

long-term effects of stress

Answer 13

decreased immune system
increased resting HR
heart disease
high cholesterol
high BP
chronic muscle tension
obesity
digestive issues

Question 14

GAS: Alarm

Answer 14

fight or flight reaction

SNS stimulation, increased HR, BP

Question 15

GAS: Resistance

Answer 15

body returns to normal

stimulation of PNS, decreased HR, RR, BP

Question 16

GAS: Exhaustion

Answer 16

chronic stress
resources become exhausted
immune system compromised

Question 17

anxiety

Answer 17

fear without a feared object

Question 18

normal anxiety

Answer 18

healthy, natural, motivating

doesn’t interfere with job/social life

Question 19

acute anxiety

Answer 19

threatens one’s sense of security (public speaking)

Question 20

stages of anxiety

Answer 20

mild
moderate
severe
panic

Question 21

mild anxiety

Answer 21

increased HR
heightened perception
alert
increased attention
can problem solve
slight discomfort
restless
irritable
fidgeting
nail biting

Question 22

moderate anxiety

Answer 22

narrowed perception
selective inattention
difficulty concentrating
shakiness
short attention span
increased HR, RR
muscle tension

Question 23

severe anxiety

Answer 23

hyperventilation
focuses on one specific detail
feeling of dread
loud, rapid speech
automatic behavior
cannot problem solve

Question 24

panic anxiety attack

Answer 24

state of terror
hallucinations or delusions
disorganized irrational thinking
immobile or severe hyperactivity
dilated pupils

Question 25

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

Answer 25

chronic psychiatric disorder associated with severe distress different from other anxiety disorders pervasive cognitive dysfunction, impaired functioning, and poor health-related outcomes

Question 26

sx of GAD

Answer 26

``` excessive worrying restlessness fatigue poor concentration irritability sleep disturbance muscle tension ```

Question 27

tx for GAD

Answer 27

``` buspirone SSRI cognitive therapy behavioral therapy stress management relaxation training aerobic exercise ```

Question 28

obsession

Answer 28

persistent thoughts and impulses

Question 29

compulsion

Answer 29

ritualistic behaviors needed to reduce anxiety

Question 30

treatment for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

Answer 30

response prevention thought stopping deep breathing fluvoxamine (Luvox) SSRI

Question 31

core features of personality disorders

Answer 31

inflexible/extreme thoughts problematic emotional responses ineffective impulse control interpersonal problems

Question 32

Cluster A personality disorders

Answer 32

Paranoid Schizoid Schizotypical

Question 33

Paranoid personality disorder

Answer 33

``` distrust suspicious reluctant to confide interpret others' actions as hostile not good in social situations ```

Question 34

Schizoid personality disorder

Answer 34

detachment from social relationships restricted range of emotional expression (flat affect) loner usually very attached to animals

Question 35

Schizotypal personality disorder

Answer 35

magical thinking odd, bizarre, eccentric peculiar speech weird clothing

Question 36

Cluster B personality disorders

Answer 36

Antisocial Borderline Histrionic Narcisstic

Question 37

Antisocial personality disorder

Answer 37

``` deceit manipulation no remorse for hurting others sense of entitlement egocentric lying ```

Question 38

Borderline personality disorder

Answer 38

``` unstable, frequent mood changes extremely impulsive frequent anger try to split people recurring suicidal behavior/threats ```

Question 39

Histrionic personality disorder

Answer 39

attention-seeking instant emotional changes from rage to friendly exaggerated and rapid shift of emotions superficial and shallow relationships

Question 40

Narcissistic personality disorder

Answer 40

``` grandiosity arrogant need admiration lack empathy self-centered manipulation ```

Question 41

Cluster C personality disorders

Answer 41

Avoidant Dependent Obsessive Compulsive

Question 42

Avoidant personality disorder

Answer 42

``` social anxiety feeling inadequate low self-esteem hypersensitive to negative evaluation fear of rejection avoid social situations ```

Question 43

Dependent personality disorder

Answer 43

``` submissive and clingy behavior need to be taken care of seek others to dominate and protect them lack of confidence need direction ```

Question 44

Obsessive Compulsive personality disorder

Answer 44

preoccupied with orderliness, perfectionism, control obsessed with rules and details only one way to do things usually lack sense of humor and interpersonal skills financially stingy

Question 45

What do you assess for with personality disorders?

Answer 45

suicidal or homicidal thoughts any related disorders culture/background recent trauma/loss

Question 46

Possible nursing dx for personality disorders

Answer 46

ineffective coping impaired social interaction risk for violence risk for suicide

Question 47

treatment for personality disorders

Answer 47

milieu therapy cognitive behavioral therapy set limits for manipulation