substance abuse Flashcards
What term fits this desc?
“ - Repeated use of a psychoactive drug/alcohol, that DOESNT result in compulsive use or addiction
- and DOESNT lead to withdrawal symptoms when the drug’s use is terminated”
Substance abuse
What term fits this desc?
“Decreased response to a drug that occurs with repeated use”
Tolerance
What term fits this desc?
“ Compulsive, repetitive use of a psychoactive substance resulting in tolerance to the effects and withdrawal symptoms when drug used is terminated.”
Substance dependence
What term fits this desc?
“Adaptive state that occurs as a normal physiologic response to repeated drug exposure; doesnt necessarily indicate drug abuse or addiction”
Physical dependence
What term fits this desc?
“ Compulsive use, impaired control over using substance; continued uses despite ADVERSE consequences”
Addiction
What term fits this desc?
“ Uncomfortable syndrome that occurs when tissue and blood levels of the abused substance decrease in a person who has used that substance heavily over a prolonged period”
Withdrawal
Assessing for alcohol withdrawal (MILD WITHDRAWAL):
- motor impairment
- sleep disturbance
- appetite
- GI symptoms
- confusion
- hallucination
- pulse rate
- BP
- sweating
- seizures
(if none put none)
- motor impairment: inner tremulousness with hand tremor
- sleep disturbance: restless sleep or insomnia
- appetite: impaired
- GI symptoms: nausea
- confusion: none
- hallucination: none
- pulse rate: tachycardia
- BP: normal or slightly elevated systolic
- sweating: slight
- seizures: none
Assessing for alcohol withdrawal (MODERATE WITHDRAWAL):
- motor impairment
- sleep disturbance
- appetite
- GI symptoms
- confusion
- hallucination
- pulse rate
- BP
- sweating
- seizures
- motor impairment: visible tremors; obvious motor restlessness & painful anxiety
- sleep disturbance: marked insomnia & nightmares
- appetite: marked anorexia
- GI symptoms: nausea & vomiting
- confusion: variable
- hallucination: vague, transient visual & auditory hallucinations & illusions
- pulse rate: 100-120 beats/min
- BP: usually elevated systolic
- sweating: obvious
- seizures: possible
Assessing for alcohol withdrawal (SEVERE WITHDRAWAL):
- motor impairment
- sleep disturbance
- appetite
- GI symptoms
- confusion
- hallucination
- pulse rate
- BP
- sweating
- seizures
- motor impairment: gross, uncontrollable shaking, extreme restlessness & agitation w intense fullness
- sleep disturbance: total wakefulness
- appetite: rejection of all food & fluid except alcohol
- GI symptoms: dry heaves and vomiting
- confusion: marked confusion & disorientation
- hallucination: visual, and occasionally auditory hallucinations; usually w fearful or threatening content
- pulse rate: 120-140 beats/min
- BP: elevated systolic & diastolic
- sweating: marked diaphoresis
- seizures : common
List at least 5 nursing intervention
- Establish trusting r/s
- Assess level of anxiety
- Speak in simple language, short & easy to understand
- Observe fluid balance
- Maintain pt safety
- Monitor withdrawal regularly, observe for seizures
- Provide quiet environment
- Working tgt with doc in providing sedation
________ is the most extreme central nervous system irritability due to withdrawal from alcohol.
Delirium Tremens (onset of symptoms such as confusion, hallucination, shaking)
_______ occur in the first phase of alcohol withdrawal.
Diaphoresis and tremors
Are illusions common in alcohol withdrawal?
Yes
_______ is the only effective treatment for alcoholism.
Total abstinence
