Subjunctives Flashcards
What tenses of introducing verbs are categorised into the Primary Sequence for dependent subjunctives?
Present
Future
Future Perfect
What tenses of introducing verbs are categorised into the Secondary Sequence for dependent subjunctives?
Imperfect
Perfect
Pluperfect
What tenses of subjunctives are used with the Primary Sequence?
Present (Incomplete Action)
Perfect (Completed Action)
What tenses of subjunctives are used with the Secondary Sequence?
Imperfect (Incomplete Action)
Pluperfect (Completed Action)
How is the present active subjunctive formed?
Drop off the vowels from the first principal part and add -e, -ea, -a, or -ia depending on the conjugation. Then, proceed to add on the present active endings (-m, -s, -t, -mus, -tis, -nt).
How is the present passive subjunctive formed?
Drop off the vowels from the first principal part and add -e, -ea, -a, or -ia depending on the conjugation. Then, proceed to add on the present passive endings (-r, -ris, -tur, -mur, -mini, -ntur).
How is the imperfect active subjunctive formed?
Add the present active endings (-m, -s, -t, -mus, -tis, -nt) to the 2nd principal part.
How is the imperfect passive subjunctive formed?
Add the present passive endings (-r, -ris, -tur, -mur, -mini, -ntur) to the 2nd principal part.
How is the perfect active subjunctive formed?
Add -eri- to the perfect stem, and then proceed to add on the present active endings (-m, -s, -t, -mus, -tis, -nt).
How is the perfect passive subjunctive formed?
Take the 4th principal part and, as a second word, the present active subjunctive of sum (sim, sis, sit, simus, sitis, sint).
How is the pluperfect active subjunctive formed?
Add -isse- to the perfect stem, and then proceed to add on the present active endings (-m, -s, -t, -mus, -tis, -nt).
How is the pluperfect passive subjunctive formed?
Take the 4th principal part and, as a second word, the imperfect active subjunctive of sum (essem, esses, esset, essemus, essetis, essent).
What tense of subjunctives are used with Purpose Clauses?
Present and imperfect only.
What are the respective definitions of “ut” and “ne” in the context of Purpose Clauses?
ut = (in order) that, to ne = (in order) that ----- not
With Relative Clauses of Purpose, when can “qui, quae, quod” replace “ut”?
When there is an expressed antecedent.
What can replace “ut” if there is a comparative in the Purpose Clause?
quo
What are the respective definitions of “ut” and “ut —– non” in the context of Result Clauses?
ut = so that
ut —– non = so that —–not
What words often precede a Result Clause?
tam = so, so very
sic = so, in such a way
ita = so, so very, in such a way
tantus, -a, -um = so great, so large
What is the Latin for “that —– not” in the context of a Negative Purpose Clause?
ne
What is the Latin for “that —– not” in the context of a Negative Result Clause?
ut —– non
What is the Latin for “that —– no one” in the context of a Negative Purpose Clause?
ne quis
What is the Latin for “that —–no one” in the context of a Negative Result Clause?
ut —– nemo
What is the Latin for “that —– nothing” in the context of a Negative Purpose Clause?
ne quid
What is the Latin for “that —– nothing” in the context of a Negative Result Clause?
ut —– nihil
What is the Latin for “that —– never” in the context of a Negative Purpose Clause?
ne umquam
What is the Latin for “that —–never” in the context of a Negative Result Clause?
ut —– numquam
What are the respective definitions of “ne” and “ut” in the context of Clauses after Verbs of Fearing?
ne = that, lest ut = that ----- not
What happens if the verb of fearing means “to be afraid to”?
An infinitive follows.
What are the respective definitions of “ut” and “ne” in the context of Indirect Commands?
ut = that, to ne = that ----- not, not to
What tense of subjunctives are used with Indirect Commands?
Present and imperfect only.
What are the Indirect Command introducing verbs used with the dative?
impero = order mando = order persuadeo = persuade
What are the Indirect Command introducing verbs used with the accusative?
hortor = urge, encourage moneo = warn, advise rogo = ask
What are the Indirect Command introducing verbs used with ab+ablative?
All verbs meaning ask, beg and demand (excluding rogo).
Which Indirect Command verbs are exceptions and have the infinitive with a subject accusative?
iubeo = order
patior - patior
Which of the Substantive Result Clause introducing verbs mean “cause, make, bring it about”?
facio
efficio
perficio
Which of the Substantive Result Clause introducing verbs mean “it happens”?
fit
accidit
Which of the Substantive Result Clause introducing verbs mean “it remains”?
restat
reliquum est
Which of the Substantive Result Clause introducing verbs mean “it is the custom”?
mos est
Which of the Substantive Result Clause introducing verbs mean “added to this is the fact”?
additur
