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Latin 3H > Nouns > Flashcards

Nouns Flashcards

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1
Q

Nominative Subject

A

The subject of a verb is in the nominative case.

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2
Q

Nominative Predicate

A

A noun used with a linking verb to define or identify the subject is also in the nominative case.
A verb of making, naming, or choosing when it is in the passive voice may take a predicate nominative.

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3
Q

Genitive of Posession

A

One of the uses of the genitive case is to show possession.

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4
Q

Objective Genitive

A

The genitive is used to designate the object toward which feeling or action is directed.
The genitive is also used with verbs of remembering and forgetting.

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5
Q

Partitive Genitive

A

The genitive is used to denote the whole of which part is taken.
It is also often used with a comparative or superlative.

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6
Q

Words commonly used with a partitive genitive:

A 
pars = part
plus = more
satis = enough
nihil = nothing, no
aliquid = something, some, anything, any
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7
Q

Mille

A

Indeclinable adjective meaning “a thousand”

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8
Q

Milia

A

Neuter noun used for any number of thousands above 1000. It is used with the partitive genitive.

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9
Q

Partitive expressed by ex or de with the ablative:

A 
pauci, -ae, -a = a few (of)
quidam, quaedam, quoddam = certain (of)
cardinal numbers (of)
If there is no partitive idea, the above words are used as agreeing adjectives.
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10
Q

What are the respective meanings of the adjectives: omnis, reliquus, summus, medius, and extremus? What is special about them?

A 
omnis, -e = all, all of
reliquus, -a, -um = rest of
summus, -a, -um = top of
medius, -a, -um = middle of
extremus, -a, -um = end of
They are agreeing adjectives and are NOT followed by a genitive.
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11
Q

Genitive of Description

A

Quality may be denoted by the genitive. It must have an agreeing adjective.

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12
Q

Genitive of Measure

A

Definite measurements, using numbers, are expressed by the genitive.

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13
Q

Dative of Indirect Object

A

With verbs of giving, showing, telling, handing over and selling, the dative indicates to whom given, shown, told, etc.

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14
Q

Dative of Reference

A

The dative is used to denote the person to whom an act or state refers or whom it concerns.

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15
Q

Dative with Adjectives

A

Adjectives denoting likeness, nearness, fitness, friendliness, and their opposites take the dative case.

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16
Q

Dative of Possessor,

A

The dative is used with the verb sum to show possession. The possessor is put into the dative. The thing possessed is the subject of the verb “to be” and is in the nominative.

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17
Q

Dative of Purpose

A

The dative of a few nouns is used to show what the noun serves as, its purpose, or its result.

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18
Q

Words commonly used with Dative of Purpose:

A 
auxilio = help, aid, advantage
curae = care
impedimento = hindrance
praesidio = guard, protection
subsidio = reinforcement
usui = use, advantage
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19
Q

Double Dative

A

The dative of purpose is usually coupled with a dative of reference. This construction is called double dative. The verb “to be” (sum) is used.

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20
Q

Dative of Agent

A

With a passive periphrastic, agency is expressed by the dative case rather than by the Ablative of Personal Agent.

21
Q

What are some common compound words used with the dative?

A 
appropinquo = approach
desum = fail
bellum inferno = make war on
occurro = meet, run to meet
praecipio = instruct
praeficio = put (acc) in command of (dat)
praesum = be in command/charge of
22
Q

Dative with Special Verbs

A 
credo = believe
faveo = favour
placeo = please
confido = trust
impero = command
pareo = obey
ignosco = pardon
persuadeo = persuade
resisto = resist
servio = serve
parco = spare
noceo = harm
invideo = envy
minor = threaten
23
Q

Accusative Direct Object

A

One of the uses of accusative case is to indicate the direct object of the verb

24
Q

Accusative Place to which

A

The accusative is used with the prepositions “ad”, “in”, and “sub” to answer the question “Where to?”

25
Q

Accusative Predicate

A

A verb of making, naming, or choosing may take, in addition to its direct object, a second accusative.

26
Q

Accusative Extent of Space

A

The accusative, without a preposition, is used to answer the question “How far?”

27
Q

Accusative Duration of Time

A

The accusative, without a preposition, is used to answer the question “How long?”

28
Q

Accusative Subject

A

The accusative is used as the subject of an infinitive in indirect statement.

29
Q

List the prepositions used with the Ablative Case

A

a, ab, de, ex, e, pro, in, sub, cum, sine, prae

30
Q

List the Locative Case Endings for 1st, 2nd, and 3rd declensions

A 
1st sg: -ae
1st pl: -is
2nd sg: -i
2nd pl: -is
3rd sg: -i (e)
3rd pl: -ibus
31
Q

What happens with Place Constructions involving names of cities, towns, “domus”, and “rus”?

A

All prepositions are omitted.

32
Q

Construction for Place From

A

Regular: ab, ex, or de with the Ablative

Names of cities, towns, “domus” and “rus”: Ablative

33
Q

Construction for Place To

A

Regular: ad or in with the Accusative

Names of cities, towns, “domus” and “rus”: Accusative

34
Q

Construction for Place Where

A

Regular: in with the Ablative

Names of cities, towns, “domus” and “rus”: Locative

35
Q

Ablative Place Where

A

The ablative is used with the prepositions in and sub to answer the question “Where (at)?”

36
Q

Ablative Place From Which

A

The ablative is used with the prepositions a (ab), de, and e (ex) to answer the question “Where from?”

37
Q

Ablative Place From Which (Partitive)

A

The Partitive Ablative of Place From Which is used with cardinal numbers.

38
Q

Ablative of Accompaniment

A

The ablative is used with the preposition cum to indicate accompaniment.

39
Q

Ablative of Means/Instrument

A

The means of instrument by which something is done is indicated by the ablative without a preposition. (It must not be a person).

40
Q

Ablative of Personal Agent

A

With a passive verb the person by whom the action is performed is expressed by the ablative with the preposition a or ab.

41
Q

Ablative of Specification

A

The ablative is used, without a preposition, to answer the question “With respect to what?”

42
Q

Ablative of Description

A

The ablative of description denotes quality and must have an agreeing adjective.

43
Q

Ablative of Price

A

With verbs of buying, selling, and exchanging, the price or means of payment is put in the ablative.

44
Q

Ablative of Time When

A

The ablative, without a preposition, is used to answer the question “When?”

45
Q

Ablative of Time Within Which

A

The ablative, without a preposition, is used to answer the question “Within what period?”

46
Q

Ablative of Degree of Difference

A

The ablative, without a preposition, is used to answer the question “By how much?”
It is usually used with multo (by much) and paulo (by a little).

47
Q

Ablative of Comparison

A

If the word to be compared is in the nominative or accusative, quam may be omitted and the second word put in the ablative.
(If quam is used, then both words being compared must be in the same case.)

48
Q

Ablative Absolute

A

The circumstances under which an action occurs are often expressed by a noun and a participle in the ablative case.

Latin 3H (10 decks)

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