Gerunds and Gerundives

Question 1

What is a Gerund?

Answer 1

An active, verbal noun used in the neuter singular only.

Question 2

What cases does a Gerund have?

Answer 2

(The present active infinitive takes the place of the missing nominative.)
genitive
dative
accusative
ablative

Question 3

What is a Gerundive?

Answer 3

A verbal adjective used in the singular and plural in all genders and cases.

Question 4

How are Gerunds and Gerundives formed?

Answer 4

Take the present stem and add either “-ndus, -nda, -ndum” or “endus, -enda, -endum” depending on the conjugation.

Question 5

If there is NO direct object, what should be used?

Answer 5

Latin Gerund

Question 6

If there is an English direct object, what should be used?

Answer 6

Latin Gerundive

Question 7

What is the irregularity for Latin Intransitives used with the Dative?

Answer 7

They have the Gerund and keep the Dative.

Question 8

When is the Genitive of the Gerund/Gerundive used?

Answer 8

1. With nouns and adjectives.

2. To express purpose (use “causa” = for the sake of)

Question 9

When is the Dative of the Gerund/Gerundive used?

Answer 9

With adjectives meaning fit, suitable, and useful.

Question 10

When is the Accusative of the Gerund/Gerundive used?

Answer 10

To express purpose (use “ad” = to, for)

Question 11

When is the Ablative of the Gerund/Gerundive used?

Answer 11

In various Ablative constructions (with and without prepositions).