stuff i failed :D Flashcards
describe the path of deoxygenated blood (to the lungs)
from the body, to the right side of the heart through the vena cava, to the right atrium, into the right ventricle, out the pulmonary artery into the lungs.
describe the path of oxygenated blood (from the lungs)
lungs, to left side of heart, through the pulmonary vein, into the left atrium, to the left ventricle, and out through the aorta to the rest of the body
what does the cerebrum control?
intelligence, personality, conscious thought and high-level functions
what does the cerebellum control?
balance, co-ordination of movement and muscular activity
what does the medulla control?
unconscious activities: e.g. heart rate and breathing rate
what does the hypothalamus control?
temperature and water balance within the body
what is the function of giberellins?
they initiate seed germination
name 3 uses for giberellins?
-ending seed dormancy
-promoting flowering
-increasing fruit size
what is the function of ethene?
speeds up ripening in fruit + controls cell division during plant growth
name a practical use for ethene
fruit picked and transported unripe, then ripened during storage using ethene
describe how selective weedkillers work
some plants killed, others not
weeds have broader leaves than grass/wheat, so absorb more of the selective weedkiller
contain auxin, so cause the plants to grow too quickly and die
name an example of a prokaryotic cell
a bacterial cell
name an example of a eukaryotic cell
an animal cell
what organ does ADH do its work in?
kidneys
what is the role of ADH and how does it accomplish this?
-controls the water content of the blood
-increases reabsorption of water by the collecting ducts
how does adrenaline accomplish its role of ‘fight or flight’?
-increases breathing rate
-diverts blood flow from digestive system to muscles
-converts glycogen to glucose
what is the source of insulin?
pancreas
what organ does insulin do its work in?
the liver
describe prophase
DNA condenses, chromosomes become visible and the nuclear membrane breaks down
describe the stages of the cell cycle
-mitosis
-gap phase 1
-synthesis
-gap phase 2
describe gap phase 1
-cell grows and new cell structures and proteins are made
describe synthesis in the cell cycle
-cell replicates its DNA, so when it splits during mitosis the 2 new cells will contain identical DNA
describe gap phase 2
-cell keeps growing and proteins needed for cell division are made
describe cytokinesis
-cytoplasm and cell membranes divide to form 2 identical cells
