Study unit 5 Pharm objective/ Test what you know Flashcards
Describe the concept of bacterial sensitivity.
Bacterial sensitivity refers to whether specific antibiotics can effectively treat bacterial infections. It is determined through lab testing and helps guide antibiotic selection.
Explain the uses, general drug actions, and general adverse reactions, contraindications, precautions, and interactions for antibacterial drugs.
- Treat infections by stopping the growth or killing the bacteria causing the infection. General side effects are upset stomach, Diarrhea, allergic reaction, and yeast infection. All ways to teach the patient to take the FULL dose. Could also interact with BC, and teach women on BC to use protection or abstain from sex.
Distinguish important pre-administration and ongoing assessment activities the nurse should perform on the client taking antibacterial drugs
- Pre-administration assessment activities for clients taking antibacterial drugs include obtaining a detailed medical history, assessing vital signs, collecting a specimen for culture and sensitivity testing, and assessing for signs of infection.
List nursing diagnoses particular to a client taking antibiotics.
Risk for Infection
Impaired Skin Integrity
Deficient Knowledge
Imbalanced Nutrition
Disturbed Sleep Pattern
Risk for Falls
Impaired Oral Mucous Membrane
Diarrhea
Anxiety
Disturbed Sensory Perception: Visual
Examine ways to promote an optimal response to therapy, how to manage adverse reactions, and important points to keep in mind when educating clients about the use of the antibacterial drugs
Ensure proper administration and adherence to the treatment plan.
Monitor for therapeutic response and report any lack of improvement.
Educate clients about potential adverse reactions and the importance of reporting them.
Provide supportive care for adverse reactions.
Monitor for drug interactions and advise clients to consult healthcare providers before taking new medications.
Promote good hygiene practices to prevent the spread of infections.
Encourage a balanced diet and hydration to support the immune response.
Address concerns and misconceptions about antibiotics.
Provide clear and concise education about the medication and its use.
Individualize education and management strategies based on the client’s needs.
Identify the rationale for increasing fluid intake when taking antibacterial drugs.
Increasing fluid intake when taking antibacterial drugs is important for several reasons:
It helps the antibiotic be absorbed into the body and reach the infection site.
It ensures the antibiotic is distributed effectively throughout the body.
It helps the body eliminate the antibiotic and its byproducts through urine.
It can prevent or lessen side effects like nausea and diarrhea.
It supports the immune system’s ability to fight infections
Describe the objective signs indicating that a severe skin reaction, such as Stevens–Johnson syndrome, is present.
Skin detachment, where the top layer of skin separates from the lower layers.
Mucous membrane involvement, such as redness, blistering, or ulcers in the mouth, eyes, or genitals. Flu-like symptoms like fever, sore throat, and general malaise.
Discuss the drugs used in the treatment of mycobacteria for tuberculosis (TB).
Isoniazid (INH): This is the most important drug for treating TB. It inhibits the growth of mycobacteria by targeting their cell wall synthesis.
Rifampin (RIF): Rifampin is another key drug in TB treatment. It works by blocking RNA synthesis in mycobacteria, preventing their ability to replicate.
Pre-administration and ongoing assessment activities for clients taking antitubercular drugs
may include taking a detailed medical history, assessing for allergies, performing baseline liver and kidney function tests, monitoring for adverse reactions, and assessing the client’s compliance with the medication regimen.
Nursing diagnoses particular to a client taking antitubercular drugs may include:
- Risk for Noncompliance related to complex medication regimen.
- Impaired Liver Function related to potential hepatotoxicity.
- Risk for Peripheral Neuropathy related to adverse effects of certain antitubercular drugs.
- Risk for Impaired Vision related to potential visual disturbances.
Directly Observed Therapy (DOT) is a strategy used to ensure medication adherence in TB treatment.
It involves a healthcare provider directly observing the client taking each dose of medication.
Ways to promote an optimal response to therapy for antitubercular drugs
include educating the client about the importance of medication adherence, completing the full course of treatment, and reporting any adverse reactions promptly. Adverse reactions can be managed by addressing specific symptoms and monitoring liver and kidney function. Education should focus on the importance of compliance, potential drug interactions, and the need for regular follow-up
Reason for using Antiviral drugs
- herpes
- Flu
- HIV
Nursing diagnoses particular to a client taking antiviral drugs may include:
- Risk for Infection related to immunosuppression.
- Impaired Liver Function related to potential hepatotoxicity.
- Risk for Adverse Drug Reactions related to specific antiviral drug therapy.
Ways to promote an optimal response to therapy for antiviral/antiretroviral
include ensuring medication adherence, regular follow-up visits, monitoring viral load and CD4 counts, and educating the client and family about the importance of adherence to the medication regimen. Adverse reactions can be managed by addressing specific symptoms and monitoring liver and kidney function. It is important to educate clients and their families about potential drug interactions, the importance of regular follow-up visits, and the need for ongoing viral load and CD4 count monitoring.
