study questions wk 4

Question 1

Erythropoietin

Answer 1

A cytokine responsible for the production of RBCs

Question 2

Where and why is EPO produced?

Answer 2

In the kidneys in response to decrease in oxygen tension in the blood

Question 3

normal canine RBC

Answer 3

biconcave disc shape with an area of central pallor

Question 4

normal feline RBC

Answer 4

Round with little to no area of central pallor

Question 5

5 categories for morphologic characteristics of erythrocytes

Answer 5

a. Cell arrangement
b. Size
c. Color
d. Shape
e. Presence of structures in or on the erythrocyte

Question 6

Rouleaux

Answer 6

stacking of erythrocytes; artifact; normal in horses - may be in dogs or cats; disperses in saline

Question 7

Autoagglutination

Answer 7

occurs in immune-medicated disorders; cells coat with antibodies resulting in bridges and clumps; differentiate from rouleaux with a drop of saline

Question 8

Anisocytosis

Answer 8

variation in cell size

Question 9

Polychromasia

Answer 9

bluish tint in cells

Question 10

Hypochromasia

Answer 10

decreased color

Question 11

Hyperchromatophilic

Answer 11

darkly stained; too much color

Question 12

Poikilocyte

Answer 12

abnormally shaped; general term

Question 13

Schistocyte

Answer 13

RBC fragments; half of cell is gone

Question 14

Acanthocyte

Answer 14

spur cells; spiky and bumps

Question 15

Echinocyte

Answer 15

burr cells; lots of spikes; artifactual

Question 16

Drepanocyte

Answer 16

sickle cells; ice/frozen over look

Question 17

Keratocyte

Answer 17

helmet cells; blister cells; vacuole/white bubbles; cancer

Question 18

Spherocyte

Answer 18

small, dark staining with reduced or no central pallor; red orange spheres; a little smaller than normal

Question 19

Leptocyte

Answer 19

target cells; general term

Question 20

Stomatocyte

Answer 20

folded cells; artifacts; white line down center

Question 21

Knizocyte

Answer 21

Barr cells; dark slit/opening

Question 22

Eliptocyte

Answer 22

ovalcytes; oval

Question 23

Eccentrocytes

Answer 23

diabetic; darker on one side - similar to helmet cells

Question 24

Dacrocyte

Answer 24

teardrop; artifact

Question 25

Basophilic Stippling

Answer 25

Presence of small, dark-blue bodies, Residual RNA,
Immature RBCs of ruminants, Cats responding to anemia, Lead poisoning

Question 26

Howell-Jolly Bodies

Answer 26

Basophilic nuclear remnants in young RBCs in response to anemia, Removed when passed through spleen, Increased numbers = splenic disorders

Question 27

Heinz bodies

Answer 27

Round blue structures—denatured hemoglobin, Caused by oxidant drugs and chemicals

Question 28

What is the minimum number of oil immersion fields to count for a platelet estimate?

Answer 28

10

Question 29

Platelet clumping is common in mammals

Answer 29

true

Question 30

What does the presence of megathrombocytes suggest?

Answer 30

early release of platelets from the bone marrow

Question 31

What is the formula for determining a platelet estimate?

Answer 31

-Total the number of platelets counted divide by 10
-Multiply the estimated platelet number by 20,000
Average platelets/oif X 20,000 = estimated platelets/ul