study guide review chap 9 Flashcards
what are the products of cellular respiration?
Carbon dioxide and water and energy (ATP and heat)
is cellular respiration anaerobic or aerobic?
aerobic; uses oxygen and produces atp
what is fermentation?
partial degradation of sugars that occurs without oxygen
what is oxidized and reduced in cellular respiration?
glucose becomes oxidized to carbon dioxide & oxygen becomes reduced to water
what are the products of glycolysis?
2 pyruvates, 2 NADH, 2 ATP
Cellular respiration and thermodynamic terms
Cellular respiration is spontaneous, no energy means exergonic, is catabolic, has negative delta G
what are products of alcohol fermentation?
2 pyruvate convert to 2 ethanol, you generate NAD, it releases CO2
what are products of lactic acid fermentation?
2 pyruvate convert to 2 lactate, you generate NAD, no CO2
substrate level phosphorylation occurs in
glycolysis and citric acid cycle
what are the three main steps of citric acid cycle?
glycolysis, citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation
where does the citric acid cycle occur in terms of matrix?
citric acid cycle occurs inside the mitochondrial matrix
where does oxidative phosphorylation occur in terms of the matrix?
it occurs on the inner mitochondrial membrane
what produces less ATP, oxidative or substrate level?
substrate level
for each molecule of glucose that is degraded to carbon dioxide and water by respiration, how many molecules of ATP are made?
32
what is the process of oxidative phosphorylation?
takes 3 phosphates and attaches them to ADP (phosphate is not free, is attached to a molecule with a substrate), involves electron transport chain and proton gradient and ATP synthase