Study Guide Digestive System 1st section Positioning Flashcards
Most common contrast media for the digestive system?
barium sulfate
When perforation is suspected what contrast is used?
water soluble iodinated contrast
Double contrast is?
barium and gas producing substance
single contrast is?
barium only (gastrograffin)
3 methods of contrast administration?
oral
reflux filling
direct injection (enterocylsis)
For the MBSS All Projections what is the cassette size?
10x12
For the MBSS (soft palate, Pharynx, Larynx, Cervical Esophagus) Lateral Projection what is the patient position?
seated/standing (true lateral)
For the MBSS (soft palate, Pharynx, Larynx, Cervical Esophagus) Lateral Projection what is the IR position?
Perpendicular to MSP
For the MBSS (soft palate, Pharynx, Larynx, Cervical Esophagus) Lateral Projection what is the CR position?
Perpendicular to IR
Oropharynx- @ level of mandibular angles
Larynx/pharynx/upper esophagus- @ level of laryngeal
For the MBSS all Projections what is the Collimation?
@ the level of EAM to jugular notch
For the MBSS (soft palate, Pharynx, Larynx, Cervical Esophagus) AP Projection what is the patient position?
upright
For the MBSS (soft palate, Pharynx, Larynx, Cervical Esophagus) AP Projection what is the IR position?
@ the level or below the laryngeal prominence
For the MBSS (soft palate, Pharynx, Larynx, Cervical Esophagus) AP Projection what is the CR position?
Perpendicular to laryngeal prominence
For (Esophagus) all AP/PA, AP/PA Oblique, Lateral Projection what is the SID?
40”
For (Esophagus) all AP/PA, AP/PA Oblique, Lateral Projection what is the cassette size?
14x17
For (Esophagus) all AP/PA Projection what is the patient position?
supine/prone
For (Esophagus) all AP/PA Projection what is the IR position?
center to the MSP
For (Esophagus) all AP/PA, AP/PA Obliques, lateral Projection what is the CR position?
Perpendicular to Midpoint of IR @ the level of T5-T6
For (Esophagus) all AP/PA, AP/PA oblique, lateral Projection what is the collimation?
12x17
For (Esophagus) all AP/PA Oblique Projection what is the patient position?
Recumbent RAO (prone) LPO (supine) with a 35-40 degree angle
For (Esophagus) AP/PA Oblique Projection what is the IR position?
Center elevated side to the grid through the plane 2” lateral to MSP
For (Esophagus) Lateral Projection what is the patient position?
lateral position recumbent
For (Esophagus) Lateral Projection what is the IR position?
Center MCP
For (Stomach/duodenum) all PA, PA oblique, AP oblique, lateral, AP projection what is the SID?
40”
For (Stomach/duodenum) all PA, PA oblique, AP oblique, lateral, AP projection what is the cassette size?
10x12 or 14x17 (lengthwise)
For (Stomach/duodenum) PA projection what is the patient position?
recumbent/upright
For (Stomach/duodenum) PA projection what is the IR position?
1-2” above lower rib margin
Prone- @level of L1-L2
Upright- center @ 3-6” below L1-L2
For (Stomach/duodenum) all PA, PA oblique, AP oblique, lateral, and AP projection what is the CR position?
Perpendicular to IR
For (Stomach/duodenum)All PA, AP, PA oblique,AP oblique, lateral projection what is the Collimation?
smaller patient 10x12
larger patient 11x14
For (Stomach/duodenum) all PA, AP, PA oblique, AP oblique, lateral projection what are the respiration instructions?
suspend at end of expiration
For (Stomach/duodenum) PA Oblique RAO projection what is the patient position?
recumbent with 40-70 rotation (show pyloric canal/duodenum)
Hypersthenic patient require greater degree of rotation than asthenic/sthenic
For (Stomach/duodenum) PA Oblique RAO projection what is the IR position?
1-2” above lower rib margin @ level of L1-L2 (prone)
For (Stomach/duodenum) AP Oblique LPO projection what is the patient position?
supine with a 45 degree for sthenic patient
degree can vary 30-60 degree
For (Stomach/duodenum) AP Oblique LPO projection what is the IR position?
@ the level of body of the stomach
For (Stomach/duodenum) Lateral projection what is the patient position?
upright left lateral (left retro gastric space)
recumbent right lateral (right retro gastric space)
For (Stomach/duodenum) Lateral projection what is the IR Position?
@ level of L1-L2 (recumbent) (about 1-2” above the lower rib margin)
@level L3 (upright)
For (Stomach/duodenum) AP projection what is the patient position?
Supine
For (Stomach/duodenum) AP projection what is the IR position?
@ level midway between xiphoid process and lower rib margin (10x12)
adjust up or down based on diaphragm or small bowel (14x17)
For (Small intestines) PA/AP projection what is the SID?
40”
For (Small intestines) PA/AP projection what is the cassette size?
14x17 lengthwise
For (Small intestines) PA/AP projection what is the Patient position?
prone/supine
For (Small intestines) PA/AP projection what is the IR position?
@ level of L2 for images taken within 30 minutes
@ level of iliac crest for delayed images
For (Small intestines) PA/AP projection what is the CR position?
Perpendicular to IR (early images)
@ level of iliac crest (delayed images)
For (Small intestines) PA/AP projection what is the collimation?
14x17 with 1 “ past abdominal flanks
For (Small intestines) PA/AP projection what is the respiration instructions?
suspend at end of expiration
To show esophageal varices instruct the patient to?
exhale fully and swallow barium avoiding inspiration or take a deep breath and hold while swallowing
The average empty time of normal stomach is?
2-3 hours
Peristalsis occurs in intervals of?
3-4 seconds
The first portion of the Barium reaches ileocecal valve in how many hours?
2-3 hours
The last portion of the Barium reaches the ileocecal valve in how many hours?
4-5 hours
Barium reaches rectum within how many hours?
24 hours
In esophageal examinations what is the exposure time?
0.1 seconds or less
In stomach/small intestines examinations what is the exposure time for normal patients? patients with hypermotility?
- 2 -0.5seconds
0. 1 seconds or less for hypermotility patients
A ____ examination is a combination of single contrast and double contrast methods during the same procedure.
biphasic
For a single contrast barium what is the weight/volume used?
60%
The head end of the table is lowered ____ to ____ degrees to show a hiatel hernia?
25-30 degrees
To show esophageal regurgitation and hiatel hernias the head end of the table is lowered ____ to ____ and the patient is rotated slightly to the right side to place esophagogastric junction in profile
10-15 degrees
The double contrast barium weight/volume is?
up to 250%
The biphasic weight/volume is?
15%
First exposure of the small intestine is usually taken ____ minutes after the patient drinks barium?
15
The next exposure of the small intestine varies from ___ to ____ minutes/
15-30
For hypomotility patients the radiologist will give __________ after ___ or ___ hours of administrating barium sulfate?
iced water, 3,4