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Radiology 122 > Study Guide Bony Thorax > Flashcards

Study Guide Bony Thorax Flashcards

1
Q

What does the bony thorax support?

A

Walls of pleural cavity and diaphragm

Protects heart and lungs

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2
Q

The bony thorax is formed by?

A

Sternum, 12 pairs of ribs, 12 thoracic vertebrae

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3
Q

What is conical in shape, narrower above then below and more wide than deep?

A

Bony thorax

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4
Q

What is directed anteriorly and inferiority and is centered over the midline if the anterior thorax?

A

Sternum or breastbone

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5
Q

Narrow flat bone about 6 inches is?

A

Sternum

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6
Q

The sternum consist of what 3 parts?

A

Manubrium
Body
Xiphoid process

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7
Q

The sternum supports?

A

The clavicles and provides attachment to the costal cartilages of the first 7 pairs of ribs

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8
Q

The superior portion of the sternum and is the widest portion is?

A

Manubrium

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9
Q

An easily palpable concavity on the superior border if the manubrium is?

A

Jugular notch

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10
Q

An oval articular facet that articulates with the sternum extremity of the clavicle is?

A

Clavicular notch

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11
Q

What is the longest part of the sternum?

A

Body

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12
Q

The body of the sternum is joined to the manubrium at the 2nd costal cartilage by?

A

Sternal angle

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13
Q

The manubrium and the body contribute to?

A

Attachment of the 2nd costal cartilage

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14
Q

The distal and smallest part of the sternum that lies over T10?

A

Xiphoid process

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15
Q

The xiphoid process is a useful bony landmark to help locate?

A

Superior portion of the liver

Inferior border of the heart

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16
Q

How many pairs of ribs are there?

A

12

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17
Q

What is a long, narrow, curved bone with an anteriorly attached piece of hyaline cartilage “costal cartilage”?

A

Rib

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18
Q

What ribs are true ribs? Why?

A

1-7

Because they attached directly to the sternum

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19
Q

What ribs are false ribs? Why?

A

8-12 because they do not attached directly to the sternum

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20
Q

What ribs are floating ribs? Why?

A

11-12

Because they are attached only to the vertebrae

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21
Q

What ribs are both floating and false ribs?

A

11-12

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22
Q

The spaces between the ribs are referred to as?

A

Intercostal spaces

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23
Q

The shortest broadest rib?

A

1st rib

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24
Q

A typical rib consist of?

A

Head, flattened neck, tubercle, and body

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25
Q

The ribs have ________ on their heads first articulation with the vertebrae?

A

Facets

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26
Q

What contains costal arteries, veins, and nerves?

A

Costal groove

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27
Q

Articulation between the upper limbs and trunk are what joints?

A

Sternoclavicular joints

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28
Q

The head of a rib is closely bound to the demifacets of two adjacent vertebral bodies to form a synovial gliding articulation called?

A

Costovertebral joint

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29
Q

What ribs all articulate with only one vertebral body?

A

1st, 10th,11th, 12th

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30
Q

The tubercle if a rib articulates with the anterior surface of the transverse process of the lower vertebra at?

A

Costotransverse joint (synovial gliding)

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31
Q

What articulations are found between the anterior extremities is the ribs and the costal cartilages?

A

Costochondral (cartilaginous syncondrosis)

32
Q

What articulation is between the costal cartilages of the true ribs and the sternum?

A

Sternocostal joints (cartilaginous syncondrosis)

33
Q

What is the cassette size for an PA oblique (sternum)RAO?

34
Q

For the PA oblique (sternum) what is the SID? Why?

A

30, blur out the posterior ribs

35
Q

For the PA oblique (sternum) what is the patient position?

A

Prone/upright, 15-20 degree rotation

36
Q

For the PA oblique (sternum) what is the IR position?

A

1.5” above jugular notch

37
Q

For the PA oblique (sternum) what is the breathing technique?

A

Use a breathing technique (slow shallow breaths)or suspend at end of expiration

38
Q

For the PA oblique (sternum) where is the central ray positioned?

A

Perpendicular to the IR. Enters elevated side at T7 approx 1” lateral msp

39
Q

For the PA oblique (sternum) what is the collimation?

40
Q

For the Lateral (sternum) what is the cassette size?

41
Q

For the Lateral (sternum) what is the SID? Why?

A

72, to reduce magnification and distortion of the sternum

42
Q

For the Lateral (sternum) what is the patient position?

A

Lateral position either upright or seated/standing

43
Q

For the Lateral (sternum) what is the central ray position?

A

Perpendicular to center of IR entering the lateral border of the midsternum

44
Q

For the Lateral (sternum) what is the collimation?

45
Q

For the PA (upper anterior ribs)what is the cassette size?

46
Q

For the PA (upper anterior ribs)what is the SID?

47
Q

For the PA (upper anterior ribs)what is the patient position?

A

Upright or recumbent

48
Q

For the PA (upper anterior ribs)what is the IR position?

A

1.5” above the shoulders

49
Q

For the PA (upper anterior ribs)what is the breathing technique used?

A

Suspend on full inspiration to depress diaphragm

50
Q

For the PA (upper anterior ribs)what is the central ray position?

A

Perpendicular to the IR @ the level of T7

51
Q

For the PA (upper anterior ribs)what is the collimation?

52
Q

For the AP (posterior ribs)what is the SID?

A

72 upper

40 lower

53
Q

For the AP (posterior ribs)what is the cassette size?

54
Q

For the AP (posterior ribs)what is the patient position?

A

Upright/recumbent

55
Q

For the AP (posterior ribs)what is the IR position for ribs above the diaphragm?

A

Upper:1.5” above the shoulders

56
Q

For the AP (posterior ribs)what is breathing technique for ribs above the diaphragm?

A

Suspend at full inspiration to depress diaphragm

57
Q

For the AP (posterior ribs)what is IR position for the ribs below the diaphragm?

A

Near level of iliac crest halfway between xiphoid process and lower rib margin.

58
Q

For the AP (posterior ribs)what is the breathing technique used for ribs below the diaphragm?

A

Suspend On full expiration

59
Q

For the AP (posterior ribs)what is the central ray position?

A

Perpendicular to IR

60
Q

For the AP (posterior ribs)what is the collimation?

61
Q

For AP oblique (axillary ribs) what is the cassette size?

62
Q

For AP oblique (axillary ribs) what is the SID

63
Q

For AP oblique (axillary ribs) what is the patient position?

A

Upright/recumbent, 45 degree angle. Affected side closest to the IR

64
Q

For AP oblique (axillary ribs) what is the IR position?

A

Ribs above diaphragm: 1.5” above shoulders

Ribs below diaphragm: halfway between xiphoid process and lower rib margin

65
Q

For AP oblique (axillary ribs) what is the breathing technique?

A

Ribs above diaphragm: Suspend at end of full inspiration

Ribs below diaphragm: at end of deep expiration

66
Q

For AP oblique (axillary ribs) what is the central ray position?

A

Perpendicular to IR

67
Q

For AP oblique (axillary ribs) what is the collimation?

68
Q

For PA oblique (axillary ribs) what is the SID?

69
Q

For PA oblique (axillary ribs) what is the cassette size?

70
Q

For PA oblique (axillary ribs) what is the patient position?

A

Upright/recumbent, 45 degree angle affected side away.

Pain away!!!

71
Q

For PA oblique (axillary ribs) what is IR position?

A

Ribs above diaphragm: 1.5” above shoulders

Ribs below diaphragm: midway between xiphoid process and lower rib margin

72
Q

For PA oblique (axillary ribs) what is the breathing technique?

A

Ribs below diaphragm: Suspend at end of full expiration

Ribs above diaphragm: at end of full inspiration

73
Q

For PA oblique (axillary ribs) what is the central ray position?

A

Perpendicular to the IR

74
Q

For PA oblique (axillary ribs) what is the collimation?

75
Q

What ribs do not have a neck or tubercular facet?

A

Eleventh and Twelfth

Radiology 122 (18 decks)

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