Study Guide 4.3

Question 1

What is transcription?

Answer 1

The process of making RNA

Question 2

What way does RNA build?

Answer 2

5 prime to 3 prime

Question 3

transcribed DNA is what strand?

Answer 3

template strand

Question 4

untranscribed RNA is what strands?

Answer 4

coding strand

Question 5

What is the main enzyme for RNA transcription?

Answer 5

RNA polymerase

Question 6

What is the promoter?

Answer 6

Starting point for transcription. Signals transcription factors and then RNA polymerase attaches.

Question 7

What is the enhancer/silencer region?

Answer 7

additional binding site for transcription factors. It acts as a switch and ether transcribes the gene or doesn’t depending on switch.

Question 8

What are exons?

Answer 8

sequences present in mRNA

Question 9

What are intros?

Answer 9

Sequences present in mRNA that will be spliced out and removed.

Question 10

Describe the initiation stage in transcription.

Answer 10

A group of transcription factors bind to the promoter/enhancer region. They attract the RNA polymerase and prepare it to begin copying DNA.

Question 11

Describe the second step elongation in transcription.

Answer 11

RNA moves and breaks free of transcription factors. A protective 5 prime cap is added to RNA. As RNA is copied, other proteins are recruited that splice out introns.

Question 12

Describe step 3 of transcription termination

Answer 12

At the polyendention sight, the termination sequence is recognized and cut. A poly A tail is added to the end of the new RNA molecule. The longer the tail, the longer the mRNA will be in the cytoplasm.

Question 13

What happens during the splicing process?

Answer 13

Edits out introns region and makes mature RNA transcript. This only happens in eukaryotes.