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Midterms > STS > Flashcards

STS Flashcards

1
Q

Greek word of Eudaimonia

A

eu (well)
daemon or daimon (spirit)

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2
Q

referes to the pursuing the right actions that lead to one’s “well-being”

A

eudaimonism

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3
Q

it is defined as a contented state of being happy, healty, and prosperous

A

Eudaimonia

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4
Q

Ancient Greek philosophers developed normative ethical theories called _____

A

virtue ethics

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5
Q

a greek philosopher who was convinced that life’s objective is to experience maximum pleasure

A

Aristippus

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6
Q

meaning excellence of any kind that is necessary in order for one individual to flourish and attain the good life

A

arete

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7
Q

pleasure is the most valuable pursuit of mankind and eveything that one does to gain pleasure

A

hedonism

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8
Q

He assumed that the happiness is vague idea, emphasizing that not all desires are worth pursuing

A

Aristotle

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9
Q

It is a thought as the highest human good that is good-in-itself

A

Eudaimonia

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10
Q

is an objective state that characterizes the well- lived life as an individual’s ideal emotional state.

A

Eudaimonia

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11
Q

Where did Aristotle explained the term Eudaimonia?

A

Nicomachean Ethics

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12
Q

He believed that virtue is a sort of knowledge (good and evil) that is needed to achieve the ultimate good all human desires

A

Socrates

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13
Q

He observed that evan bad people are capable of feeling guilty when they do something wrong.

A

Plato

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14
Q

proposed that eudaimonia or human flourishing requires one to have knowledge of God.

A

St. Thomas Aquinas and St. Augustine Hippo

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15
Q

he derived fundemental principles of his philosophy from the bible, stressed that happiness is pursued through prudence.

A

John Locke

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16
Q

according to theologians, means peace, harmony, and completeness.

A

shalom

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17
Q

The concept of human flourishing in the _______ is described by the word shalom

A

Old Testament

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18
Q

The concept of human flourishing is captured in the Bible’s ______ through the Beatitudes.

A

New Testament

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19
Q

Each beatitudes begins with the Greek word ____

A

makarios

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20
Q

makarios (makarioi) means

A

blessed or happy

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21
Q

The concept of human flourishing is captured in the Bible’s New Testament through the ______.

A

Beatitudes

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22
Q

latin word of beatitude

A

beatus

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23
Q

beatus means

A

blissful, happy, flourishing, fortunate

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24
Q

The Beatitude begins with the phrase ____

A

“Blessed are” or or “Happy are”

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25
Q

it refers to the state of living a life of hapiness without struggles and difficulties.

A

Makar

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26
Q

he highlighted in his discussion of the Beatitudes that “ the entire philosophy of ‘the good life’ and the late-modern theory of ‘happiness’ are at work when Jesus says ‘ Blessed are…’

A

Scot McKnight

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27
Q

is commonly used as synonym for eudaimonia because both connote happiness, peace of mind, joy, and the good life.

A

Makarios

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28
Q

a psychology professor, studied different models and theories of happiness in diff. subfields of psychology

A

Carol Ryff

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29
Q

6 psychological well-being

A

personal growth
self-acceptance
autonomy
environmental mastery
positive relationships
purpose in life

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30
Q

a professor at the King’s College in New York, echoed Ryff’s idea in his article “ The New Legalism”

A

Anthony Bradley

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31
Q

According to him, there would be “an avalanche of technological changes that could reshape the very essence of humanity and every aspect of life in our planet.

A

Gerd Leonhard

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32
Q

They published an open letter in The Independent in May 2014 stating that the emergence of ai poses a great danger to humanity

A

Stephen Hawking
Stuart Russel
Max Tegmark
Frank Wilczek

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33
Q

A man acclaimed for his works on metaphysics, phenemology,, and existentialism.

A

Martin Heidegger

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34
Q

Heidegger known fo his seminal essay called ______

A

Question Concerning Technology

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35
Q

Technology can be understood based on it two functions:

A

antrophological
instrumental

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36
Q

because it means to an end

A

instrumental

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37
Q

because it is human activity

A

Antrophological

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38
Q

Four causes

A

material cause
formal cause
final cause
efficient cause

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39
Q

which causes change in an object

A

efficient cause (causa efficiens)

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40
Q

it is the purpose or functions of the object

A

final cause (causa finalis)

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41
Q

is the shape or form of the object as it was produced

A

formal cause (causa formalis)

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42
Q

material out of which the object is made

A

material cause (causa materialis)

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43
Q

the taking of each of the causes with meticulous consideration to create final product

A

bringing-forth

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44
Q

bringing-forth falls under two categories:

A

poiesis
physis

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45
Q

is the bringing-forth of an object into existence from creation or art, practiced by craftmans and poets

A

Poiesis

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46
Q

is the bringing forth of an object from nature

A

Physis

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47
Q

Greek word of technology is

A

technikon (techne)

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48
Q

as in technique, is a both skill of manufacture and art

A

Techne

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49
Q

aletheia means

A

unconcealment or truth

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50
Q

a concept that means that the worlds resources are not good on its own but are only good for something else.

A

standing-reserve

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51
Q

referes to as the “frame of mind” that drives humans to a precise scientific knowledge and renewed perception of the world

A

enframing

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52
Q

The realization of the knowledge which will form into skills and techniques used to produce equipment and goods that would enhance lives and society.

A

Technology

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53
Q

a philosopher believes in human flourishing. He believes in technology and is not against technology. His concern is to use technology in a proper way

A

Martin Heidegger

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54
Q

Technology consists of three main ‘claims’:

A

technology is “not an instrument”,

technology is “not a human activity”,

technology is “the highest danger”

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55
Q

An advancement of old technology, the impact of technology in modern life is unmeasurable, we use technology in different ways and sometimes the way we implement various technologies ends up harming our lives or the society we leave in.

A

modern technology

56
Q

Word, the utterance by which inward thought is expressed, a saying, or an expression.

A

Logos

57
Q

which challenges nature in providing the energy that it needs that delays nature’s potential to be “revealed”.

A

setting-upon

58
Q

presented a few theories that explain the meaning of the good life from various perspectives.

A

Susan Wolf

59
Q

challenges nature in providing energy that it needs

A

challenging-forth

60
Q

one’s “good” is a matter of how he or she feels regarding the quality of his or her experience

A

hedonistic theory

61
Q

a person’s “good” is what one wants most for himself or herself

A

preference theory

62
Q

a person’s “good” includes at least some elements that are independent of personal preferences and consist of “valuable” experiences such as meaningful relationships, friendships, accomplishments, etc.

A

objective list theory

63
Q

According to Wolf, ______ and _____ are important elements of good life.

A

happiness and meaningfulness

64
Q

She listed some components of a good life based on the writings of Aristotle. She also provided various criteria that may constitute a good life: success, material comfort, pleasure, relationships’ reason, and virtues.

A

Antonia Macaro

65
Q

Who presented the 5P’s?

A

Dr. Ron Jenson

66
Q

5P’s

A

power
prestige
pleasure
position
prosperity

67
Q

is not the ultimate good, but it is good in moderation

A

Pleasure

68
Q

-are essential to good life.
-the most central step step toward a good life.

A

relationships

69
Q

-one of the ultimate good
- is the contemplation of unchangeable truths

A

reason

70
Q

intellectual virtues that are central parts of the good life

A

Theoretical and practical reasons

71
Q

he stated that to fear God and keep His commandments are fundamental duties of a man.

A

King Solomon

72
Q

________is the root of his or her inner strength

A

Individual’s character

73
Q

she provides a novel arrow model that illustrates the essential steps toward a good life

A

Anne Birgitta Pessi

74
Q

Novel Arrow Model

(REBAHEFUVAWO)

A

relationships
balance
health
secure income
fulfilling oneself
values and spirituality
work and leisure

75
Q

is the view that technological improvements will sustain life as human population continues to increase.

A

technological optimism

76
Q

they listed 100 technological innovations that are likely to occur in the last of the 20th century.

A

Herman Kahn and Anthony Wiener

77
Q

also poses both advantages and disadvantages, as the practice may be misused or abused by authorities.

A

DNA Testing

78
Q

was first drawn up in 1965 and was deemed achievable to construct in 1973 only to be suspended in the 1980s.

A

Chico River Dam Project

79
Q

who was murdered by unidentified assailants to silence him, which caused a large public outcry on both national and international scales that terminated the project.

A

Macli-ing Dulag

80
Q

project in Rizal, proposed in 2012 not only threatened the displacement of local tribes and the grabbing of ancestral lands, it also posed severe environmental destruction.

A

Kaliwa Low Dam

81
Q

is an invention that illustrates how technology can be purposively used to inflict damage on others.

A

Agent Orange

82
Q

infected million of computers worldwide-including systems of Pentagon and the British Parliament.

A

ILOVEYOU virus

83
Q

created a dystopian world 600 years into the future in which humans are engineered through artificial wombs and indoctrinated into predetermined classes that dictate how they should act and be perceived in society.

A

Aldous Huxley

84
Q

chief scientist for Sun Microsystems, wote an article for Wired Magazine entitled Why the Future Doesn’t Need Us

A

Bill Joy

85
Q

may be used in developing more efficient medicine and water treatment; however, they may also be hazardous to one’s health

A

Nanotechnology

86
Q

is capable of creating new crops and potentially neew species.

A

genetic engineering

87
Q

The ultimate end of all human action.

A. Virtue
B. Good life
C. Happiness
D. Excellence

A

HAPPINESS

88
Q

Greek daimon in eudaimonia means

A. Virtue
B. Good
C. Spirit
D. Happiness

A

SPIRIT

89
Q

Happiness with pleasure and absence of pain.

A. Naturalism
B. Preference
C. Objective
D. Hedonism

A

HEDONISM

90
Q

T OR F

Excellence of character is innate. It does not have to be practiced. True or False?

A

FALSE

91
Q

It is the constant practice of the good.
A. Virtue
B. Happiness
C. Excellence
D. Enframing

A

VIRTUE

92
Q

T OR F

The good life means that I make sure I improve without necessarily taking the others into consideration. True or False?

A

FALSE

92
Q

The ancient Greek philosopher known for Nicomachean Ethics.

A. Aristotle
B. Heidegger
C. Plato
D. Socrates

A

ARISTOTLE

93
Q

T OR F

One does not need to eat healthfully to live the good life. True or False?

A

FALSE

94
Q

The Good Life is characterized by
a. excellence
b. All of the given choices.
c. happiness
d. virtue

A

ALL OF THE GIVEN CHOICES

95
Q

It is an ancient Greek word which means living and doing well.

A. techne
B. eudaimonia
C. poiesis
D. aletheia

A

EUDAIMONIA

96
Q

The following couplets are components of a good life according to Antonia Macaro, EXCEPT:

A. Success and material comfort
B. Reason and virtues
C. All of these are components of a good life.
D. Pleasure and relationships

A

All of these are components of a good life.

97
Q

It refers to happiness which is the supreme practical good; self-sufficient and complete in itself.

A. Excellent character
B. Virtue
C. Eudaimonia
D. Arete

A

EUDAIMONIA

98
Q

T OR F

Susan Wolf stressed that happiness and meaningfulness are important elements of a good life.

A

TRUE

99
Q

T OR F

Ralph Nader is among those who are credited with being the “father of the atomic bomb”. Later in life, he vigorously lobbied for international control of nuclear.

A

FALSE

99
Q

According to Nichomachean Ethics, all human activities aim at some

A. happiness
B. goal
C. end
D. good

A

GOOD

100
Q

Identifies a person’s good with what the person most wants.

A. Hedonism
B. Objective
C. Preference
D. None of the choices

A

PREFERENCE

101
Q

FATHER OF ATOMIC BOMB

A

J. ROBERT OPPENHEIMER

102
Q

T OR F

Bill Joy stated that “our most powerful 21st century technologies-robotics, genetic engineering, and nanotechnology - are helping humans achieve the good life.”

A

FALSE

103
Q

T OR F

Artificial intelligence is a recurring subject in many science fiction films, whether dystopian, emphasizing the potential benefits, or utopian, emphasizing the dangers.

A

FALSE

104
Q

T OR F

Rachel Carson documented the adverse environmental effects caused by the indiscriminate use of pesticides, which led to public awareness and later, nationwide ban of these chemicals.

A

TRUE

105
Q

T OR F

Legislative action by the national government, regulations impose by private enterprises, and lobbying by citizen groups are sources of social control over science and technology.

A

TRUE

106
Q

T OR F

Technological development should not be influenced by social and ethical considerations.

A

FALSE

107
Q

T OR F

The use of Agent Orange is another notable example wherein technological decision is carried out so rapidly that their impact on society and the environment is not evaluated before implementation.

A

TRUE

108
Q

The Internet has become a great tool for learning. You can Google any information you need or attend the course online without leaving home.

A. The statement depicts the BAD side of technology
B. The statement depicts the GOOD side of technology.

A

The statement depicts the GOOD side of technology.

109
Q

Excessive information space, exaggerated online reality, internet overuse, and social comparison are all factors potentially provoking depressive behaviour.

A. The statement depicts the GOOD side of technology.
B. The statement depicts the BAD side of technology

A

The statement depicts the BAD side of technology

110
Q

Students use the internet for plagiarism and cheating.

A. The statement depicts the GOOD side of technology..
B. The statement depicts the BAD side of technology.

A

The statement depicts the BAD side of technology.

111
Q

our planet only has enough resources for each of us to consume _____________

A

1.8 “global hectares”

111
Q

The following are some of the technologies advantages and positive effects, EXCEPT:

a. More ways for distraction with people multitasking, less efficiency.

b. Information access available to all at affordable prices.

c. Robotics - Innovations and development in this field will help work in adverse environments.

d. Technology helps in eliminating any geographical boundaries.
Write to batak na sinigang

A

a. More ways for distraction with people multitasking, less efficiency.

112
Q

he argued that instead of pushing poorer countries to “catch up” with rich ones, we should be thinking of ways to get rich countries to “catch down” to more appropriate levels of development.

A

PETER EDWARD

112
Q

The idea of_______ economics is a step in the right direction and is growing in popularity, but it still doesn’t get the framing right

A

“steady-state”

113
Q

is not the kind that comes with sensate pleasures. It is that which comes from living a life of Virtue.​

A

HAPPINESS

114
Q

owes its birth and growth to teaching (for which reason it requires experience and time)​

A

INTELLECTUAL VIRTUE

115
Q

comes about as a result of habit. (Nicomachean Ethics 2:21)​

A

MORAL VIRTUE

116
Q

are one of the highest expressions of human faculties.

A

Science and Technology

117
Q

Utility itself is defined by ________ as happiness with the absence of pain.​

A

Mill

117
Q

is based on the Greatest Happiness Principle which states that actions are considered moral when they promote utility and immoral when they promote the reverse.

A

Utilitarianism

118
Q

In reality, ______ is defined as pleasure itself, and the absence of pain.

A

utility

119
Q

another name for utility ____

A

the Greatest Happiness Principle

120
Q

What is integrity​ based on Webster’s definition?

A

“SOUNDNESS OF MORAL CHARACTER” ​

121
Q

What is integrity​ based on Biblical viewpoint?

A

“BEING MORALLY SOUND”​

122
Q

Many succeed momentarily by what they know.

A

(Understanding)

123
Q

Some succeed temporarily by what they do.

A

(ACTION)​

123
Q

Few succeed permanently by what they are.

A

(CHARACTER)​

124
Q

INTEGRITY

A

WORDS
ACTIONS
BELIEFS

125
Q

became the first robot to receive citizenship of any country. ​

A

Sophia

126
Q

First came to prominence in 1965 with the publication of the bestselling book Unsafe at Any Speed, a critique of the safety record of American automobile manufacturers.​

A

Ralph Nader​

127
Q

emphasizing the potential benefits,

A

utopian society

128
Q

emphasizing the dangers.

A

dystopian society

129
Q

creating a utopian society, emphasizing the potential benefits, or dystopian society, emphasizing the dangers.

A

artificial intelligence

130
Q

6 CRITERIA THAT MAY CONSTITUE A GOOD LIFE

(SMPRRV)

A

success
material comfort
pleasure
relationships
reason
virtues.

131
Q

To allow early detection of fatal diseases and create a powerful medicines based on the genetic “constitution” of an individual

A

Pharmacogenetics

Midterms (6 decks)

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