STS Flashcards
Greek word of Eudaimonia
eu (well)
daemon or daimon (spirit)
referes to the pursuing the right actions that lead to one’s “well-being”
eudaimonism
it is defined as a contented state of being happy, healty, and prosperous
Eudaimonia
Ancient Greek philosophers developed normative ethical theories called _____
virtue ethics
a greek philosopher who was convinced that life’s objective is to experience maximum pleasure
Aristippus
meaning excellence of any kind that is necessary in order for one individual to flourish and attain the good life
arete
pleasure is the most valuable pursuit of mankind and eveything that one does to gain pleasure
hedonism
He assumed that the happiness is vague idea, emphasizing that not all desires are worth pursuing
Aristotle
It is a thought as the highest human good that is good-in-itself
Eudaimonia
is an objective state that characterizes the well- lived life as an individual’s ideal emotional state.
Eudaimonia
Where did Aristotle explained the term Eudaimonia?
Nicomachean Ethics
He believed that virtue is a sort of knowledge (good and evil) that is needed to achieve the ultimate good all human desires
Socrates
He observed that evan bad people are capable of feeling guilty when they do something wrong.
Plato
proposed that eudaimonia or human flourishing requires one to have knowledge of God.
St. Thomas Aquinas and St. Augustine Hippo
he derived fundemental principles of his philosophy from the bible, stressed that happiness is pursued through prudence.
John Locke
according to theologians, means peace, harmony, and completeness.
shalom
The concept of human flourishing in the _______ is described by the word shalom
Old Testament
The concept of human flourishing is captured in the Bible’s ______ through the Beatitudes.
New Testament
Each beatitudes begins with the Greek word ____
makarios
makarios (makarioi) means
blessed or happy
The concept of human flourishing is captured in the Bible’s New Testament through the ______.
Beatitudes
latin word of beatitude
beatus
beatus means
blissful, happy, flourishing, fortunate
The Beatitude begins with the phrase ____
“Blessed are” or or “Happy are”
it refers to the state of living a life of hapiness without struggles and difficulties.
Makar
he highlighted in his discussion of the Beatitudes that “ the entire philosophy of ‘the good life’ and the late-modern theory of ‘happiness’ are at work when Jesus says ‘ Blessed are…’
Scot McKnight
is commonly used as synonym for eudaimonia because both connote happiness, peace of mind, joy, and the good life.
Makarios
a psychology professor, studied different models and theories of happiness in diff. subfields of psychology
Carol Ryff
6 psychological well-being
personal growth
self-acceptance
autonomy
environmental mastery
positive relationships
purpose in life
a professor at the King’s College in New York, echoed Ryff’s idea in his article “ The New Legalism”
Anthony Bradley
According to him, there would be “an avalanche of technological changes that could reshape the very essence of humanity and every aspect of life in our planet.
Gerd Leonhard
They published an open letter in The Independent in May 2014 stating that the emergence of ai poses a great danger to humanity
Stephen Hawking
Stuart Russel
Max Tegmark
Frank Wilczek
A man acclaimed for his works on metaphysics, phenemology,, and existentialism.
Martin Heidegger
Heidegger known fo his seminal essay called ______
Question Concerning Technology
Technology can be understood based on it two functions:
antrophological
instrumental
because it means to an end
instrumental
because it is human activity
Antrophological
Four causes
material cause
formal cause
final cause
efficient cause
which causes change in an object
efficient cause (causa efficiens)
it is the purpose or functions of the object
final cause (causa finalis)
is the shape or form of the object as it was produced
formal cause (causa formalis)
material out of which the object is made
material cause (causa materialis)
the taking of each of the causes with meticulous consideration to create final product
bringing-forth
bringing-forth falls under two categories:
poiesis
physis
is the bringing-forth of an object into existence from creation or art, practiced by craftmans and poets
Poiesis
is the bringing forth of an object from nature
Physis
Greek word of technology is
technikon (techne)
as in technique, is a both skill of manufacture and art
Techne
aletheia means
unconcealment or truth
a concept that means that the worlds resources are not good on its own but are only good for something else.
standing-reserve
referes to as the “frame of mind” that drives humans to a precise scientific knowledge and renewed perception of the world
enframing
The realization of the knowledge which will form into skills and techniques used to produce equipment and goods that would enhance lives and society.
Technology
a philosopher believes in human flourishing. He believes in technology and is not against technology. His concern is to use technology in a proper way
Martin Heidegger
Technology consists of three main ‘claims’:
technology is “not an instrument”,
technology is “not a human activity”,
technology is “the highest danger”
An advancement of old technology, the impact of technology in modern life is unmeasurable, we use technology in different ways and sometimes the way we implement various technologies ends up harming our lives or the society we leave in.
modern technology
Word, the utterance by which inward thought is expressed, a saying, or an expression.
Logos
which challenges nature in providing the energy that it needs that delays nature’s potential to be “revealed”.
setting-upon
presented a few theories that explain the meaning of the good life from various perspectives.
Susan Wolf
challenges nature in providing energy that it needs
challenging-forth
one’s “good” is a matter of how he or she feels regarding the quality of his or her experience
hedonistic theory
a person’s “good” is what one wants most for himself or herself
preference theory
a person’s “good” includes at least some elements that are independent of personal preferences and consist of “valuable” experiences such as meaningful relationships, friendships, accomplishments, etc.
objective list theory
According to Wolf, ______ and _____ are important elements of good life.
happiness and meaningfulness
She listed some components of a good life based on the writings of Aristotle. She also provided various criteria that may constitute a good life: success, material comfort, pleasure, relationships’ reason, and virtues.
Antonia Macaro
Who presented the 5P’s?
Dr. Ron Jenson
5P’s
power
prestige
pleasure
position
prosperity
is not the ultimate good, but it is good in moderation
Pleasure
-are essential to good life.
-the most central step step toward a good life.
relationships
-one of the ultimate good
- is the contemplation of unchangeable truths
reason
intellectual virtues that are central parts of the good life
Theoretical and practical reasons
he stated that to fear God and keep His commandments are fundamental duties of a man.
King Solomon
________is the root of his or her inner strength
Individual’s character
she provides a novel arrow model that illustrates the essential steps toward a good life
Anne Birgitta Pessi
Novel Arrow Model
(REBAHEFUVAWO)
relationships
balance
health
secure income
fulfilling oneself
values and spirituality
work and leisure
is the view that technological improvements will sustain life as human population continues to increase.
technological optimism
they listed 100 technological innovations that are likely to occur in the last of the 20th century.
Herman Kahn and Anthony Wiener
also poses both advantages and disadvantages, as the practice may be misused or abused by authorities.
DNA Testing
was first drawn up in 1965 and was deemed achievable to construct in 1973 only to be suspended in the 1980s.
Chico River Dam Project
who was murdered by unidentified assailants to silence him, which caused a large public outcry on both national and international scales that terminated the project.
Macli-ing Dulag
project in Rizal, proposed in 2012 not only threatened the displacement of local tribes and the grabbing of ancestral lands, it also posed severe environmental destruction.
Kaliwa Low Dam
is an invention that illustrates how technology can be purposively used to inflict damage on others.
Agent Orange
infected million of computers worldwide-including systems of Pentagon and the British Parliament.
ILOVEYOU virus
created a dystopian world 600 years into the future in which humans are engineered through artificial wombs and indoctrinated into predetermined classes that dictate how they should act and be perceived in society.
Aldous Huxley
chief scientist for Sun Microsystems, wote an article for Wired Magazine entitled Why the Future Doesn’t Need Us
Bill Joy
may be used in developing more efficient medicine and water treatment; however, they may also be hazardous to one’s health
Nanotechnology
is capable of creating new crops and potentially neew species.
genetic engineering
The ultimate end of all human action.
A. Virtue
B. Good life
C. Happiness
D. Excellence
HAPPINESS
Greek daimon in eudaimonia means
A. Virtue
B. Good
C. Spirit
D. Happiness
SPIRIT
Happiness with pleasure and absence of pain.
A. Naturalism
B. Preference
C. Objective
D. Hedonism
HEDONISM
T OR F
Excellence of character is innate. It does not have to be practiced. True or False?
FALSE
It is the constant practice of the good.
A. Virtue
B. Happiness
C. Excellence
D. Enframing
VIRTUE
T OR F
The good life means that I make sure I improve without necessarily taking the others into consideration. True or False?
FALSE
The ancient Greek philosopher known for Nicomachean Ethics.
A. Aristotle
B. Heidegger
C. Plato
D. Socrates
ARISTOTLE
T OR F
One does not need to eat healthfully to live the good life. True or False?
FALSE
The Good Life is characterized by
a. excellence
b. All of the given choices.
c. happiness
d. virtue
ALL OF THE GIVEN CHOICES
It is an ancient Greek word which means living and doing well.
A. techne
B. eudaimonia
C. poiesis
D. aletheia
EUDAIMONIA
The following couplets are components of a good life according to Antonia Macaro, EXCEPT:
A. Success and material comfort
B. Reason and virtues
C. All of these are components of a good life.
D. Pleasure and relationships
All of these are components of a good life.
It refers to happiness which is the supreme practical good; self-sufficient and complete in itself.
A. Excellent character
B. Virtue
C. Eudaimonia
D. Arete
EUDAIMONIA
T OR F
Susan Wolf stressed that happiness and meaningfulness are important elements of a good life.
TRUE
T OR F
Ralph Nader is among those who are credited with being the “father of the atomic bomb”. Later in life, he vigorously lobbied for international control of nuclear.
FALSE
According to Nichomachean Ethics, all human activities aim at some
A. happiness
B. goal
C. end
D. good
GOOD
Identifies a person’s good with what the person most wants.
A. Hedonism
B. Objective
C. Preference
D. None of the choices
PREFERENCE
FATHER OF ATOMIC BOMB
J. ROBERT OPPENHEIMER
T OR F
Bill Joy stated that “our most powerful 21st century technologies-robotics, genetic engineering, and nanotechnology - are helping humans achieve the good life.”
FALSE
T OR F
Artificial intelligence is a recurring subject in many science fiction films, whether dystopian, emphasizing the potential benefits, or utopian, emphasizing the dangers.
FALSE
T OR F
Rachel Carson documented the adverse environmental effects caused by the indiscriminate use of pesticides, which led to public awareness and later, nationwide ban of these chemicals.
TRUE
T OR F
Legislative action by the national government, regulations impose by private enterprises, and lobbying by citizen groups are sources of social control over science and technology.
TRUE
T OR F
Technological development should not be influenced by social and ethical considerations.
FALSE
T OR F
The use of Agent Orange is another notable example wherein technological decision is carried out so rapidly that their impact on society and the environment is not evaluated before implementation.
TRUE
The Internet has become a great tool for learning. You can Google any information you need or attend the course online without leaving home.
A. The statement depicts the BAD side of technology
B. The statement depicts the GOOD side of technology.
The statement depicts the GOOD side of technology.
Excessive information space, exaggerated online reality, internet overuse, and social comparison are all factors potentially provoking depressive behaviour.
A. The statement depicts the GOOD side of technology.
B. The statement depicts the BAD side of technology
The statement depicts the BAD side of technology
Students use the internet for plagiarism and cheating.
A. The statement depicts the GOOD side of technology..
B. The statement depicts the BAD side of technology.
The statement depicts the BAD side of technology.
our planet only has enough resources for each of us to consume _____________
1.8 “global hectares”
The following are some of the technologies advantages and positive effects, EXCEPT:
a. More ways for distraction with people multitasking, less efficiency.
b. Information access available to all at affordable prices.
c. Robotics - Innovations and development in this field will help work in adverse environments.
d. Technology helps in eliminating any geographical boundaries.
Write to batak na sinigang
a. More ways for distraction with people multitasking, less efficiency.
he argued that instead of pushing poorer countries to “catch up” with rich ones, we should be thinking of ways to get rich countries to “catch down” to more appropriate levels of development.
PETER EDWARD
The idea of_______ economics is a step in the right direction and is growing in popularity, but it still doesn’t get the framing right
“steady-state”
is not the kind that comes with sensate pleasures. It is that which comes from living a life of Virtue.
HAPPINESS
owes its birth and growth to teaching (for which reason it requires experience and time)
INTELLECTUAL VIRTUE
comes about as a result of habit. (Nicomachean Ethics 2:21)
MORAL VIRTUE
are one of the highest expressions of human faculties.
Science and Technology
Utility itself is defined by ________ as happiness with the absence of pain.
Mill
is based on the Greatest Happiness Principle which states that actions are considered moral when they promote utility and immoral when they promote the reverse.
Utilitarianism
In reality, ______ is defined as pleasure itself, and the absence of pain.
utility
another name for utility ____
the Greatest Happiness Principle
What is integrity based on Webster’s definition?
“SOUNDNESS OF MORAL CHARACTER”
What is integrity based on Biblical viewpoint?
“BEING MORALLY SOUND”
Many succeed momentarily by what they know.
(Understanding)
Some succeed temporarily by what they do.
(ACTION)
Few succeed permanently by what they are.
(CHARACTER)
INTEGRITY
WORDS
ACTIONS
BELIEFS
became the first robot to receive citizenship of any country.
Sophia
First came to prominence in 1965 with the publication of the bestselling book Unsafe at Any Speed, a critique of the safety record of American automobile manufacturers.
Ralph Nader
emphasizing the potential benefits,
utopian society
emphasizing the dangers.
dystopian society
creating a utopian society, emphasizing the potential benefits, or dystopian society, emphasizing the dangers.
artificial intelligence
6 CRITERIA THAT MAY CONSTITUE A GOOD LIFE
(SMPRRV)
success
material comfort
pleasure
relationships
reason
virtues.
To allow early detection of fatal diseases and create a powerful medicines based on the genetic “constitution” of an individual
Pharmacogenetics
