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Neuroscience Exam 1 > Structures of the Spinal Cord & Brain, Ventricular System and Meninges (Lecture 1 ) > Flashcards

Structures of the Spinal Cord & Brain, Ventricular System and Meninges (Lecture 1 ) Flashcards

1
Q

CNS

A

brain and spinal cord

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2
Q

PNS

A

nerves in periphery

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3
Q

Spinal nerves

A

nerves entering or exiting the spinal cord

dorsal and ventral roots merge to form a peripheral nerve

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4
Q

Cranial nerves

A

nerves entering or exiting the brainstem and diencephalon

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5
Q

Components of cerebral hemisphere

A

cerebral cortex

basal ganglia

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6
Q

Components of Thalamus (Diencephalon)

A

Hypothalamus

Dorsal Thalamus

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7
Q

Components of Brainstem

A

Midbrain
Pons & Cerebellum
Medulla Oblongata

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8
Q

Regions of Spinal Cord

A

Cerebral Hemispheres
Thalamus
Brainstem
Spinal Cord

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9
Q

Afferent fibers

A

Incoming info (sensory)

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10
Q

Efferent fibers

A

outgoing info (motor)

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11
Q

Dorsal

A

Posterior

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12
Q

Ventral

A

Anterior - can see deep ventral median fissure

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13
Q

Rostral

A

frontal pole

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14
Q

Caudal

A

Occipital Pole

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15
Q

Dorsal root function

A

sensory

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16
Q

denticulate ligament

A

tether the spinal cord to dura mater

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17
Q

posterior spinal artery function

A

blood supply to posterior cord

1/3

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18
Q

Ventral root function

A

motor

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19
Q

anterior spinal artery function

A

blood supply to anterior cord

2/3

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20
Q

Dorsal sulci - identify

A

posterior median
posterior intermediate
posterolateral (where dorsal root enters/exit spinal cord)

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21
Q

frontal lobe function

A

reasoning, planning, parts of speech, movement, emotions and problem solving

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22
Q

Parietal lobe function

A

perception of somatosensory stimuli, movement, orientation, recognition

*a lot of processing is done here

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23
Q

Temporal lobe function

A

perception and recognition of auditory stimuli, memory, and speech

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24
Q

Occipital lobe function

A

visual processing

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25
Q

Insular lobe function

A

gustatory processing (interception), social emotions

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26
Q

Limbic lobe function

A

memory, smells, emotions

-parahippocampal

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27
Q

Forebrain (Prosencephalon)

A

Telencephalon & Diencephalon

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28
Q

Telencephalon

A

cerebral hemispheres
cortex = lobes, fissures, sulci
basal ganglia = nuclei deep in hemispheres

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29
Q

Diencephalon

A

thalamus and hypothalamus

30
Q

Mesencephalon

A

midbrain

31
Q

Hindbrain (Rhombencephalon)

A

Metencephalon

Myelencephalon

32
Q

Metencephalon

A

Pons & cerebellum

33
Q

Myelencephalon

A

Medulla oblongata

34
Q

basal ganglia function

A

motor control/cognitive processing

35
Q

Thalamus function

A

relay of sensory and motor information to & from cerebral hemisphere

36
Q

Hypothalamus function

A

seat of autonomic function

37
Q

Cerebellum function

A

regulation & coordination of movement (eye movements)

posture & balance

38
Q

Midbrain, Pons, Medulla Oblongata function

A

Path of motor and sensory fibers to & from cortices

Basic vital functions such as breathing, heartbeat, and BP

39
Q

pre-central gyri

A

motor cortex (rostral)

40
Q

post-central gyri

A

sensory (caudal)

41
Q

corpus callosum

A

communication b/w L & R hemisphere

42
Q

medulla function

A

basic life functions

HR / RR –> Injury to this can be fatal

43
Q

pons function

A

origin of many cranial nerves

44
Q

coronal radiata & internal capsule

A

white matter super highway that carries information in and out of corticies

45
Q

CN 1

A

olfactory N - smell

46
Q

CN 2

A

optic N - sight

47
Q

CN 3

A

oculomotor N - motor to eye muscles

48
Q

CN 4

A

Trochlear N - motor to 1 eye muscle

49
Q

CN 5

A

Trigeminal N - sensory for face & neck

50
Q

CN 6

A

Abducens N - motor to 1 eye muscle

51
Q

CN 7

A

Facial N - motor to face and neck

52
Q

CN 8

A

Vestibular Cochlear N - balance and hearing

53
Q

CN 9

A

Glossopharyngeal N - motor to some pharynx mm

54
Q

CN 10

A

Vagus N - autonomic motor to thorax & abdomen

55
Q

CN 11

A

Spinal Accessory - motor to 2 neck muscles

56
Q

CN 12

A

Hypoglossal N - motor to tongue muscles

57
Q

Ventricular system

A

spaces in brain containing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

58
Q

Function of CSF

A

buoyancy (brain float), protection, intracranial pressure control, chemical stability

59
Q

CSF

A

can be used to tell you about the health of CNS and PNS

60
Q

Ventricular system - 4 regions

A

Lateral Ventricle -cerebral hemispheres
3rd Ventricle - Rt & Lt Thalami
4th Ventricle - spans pons to medulla

61
Q

anterior horn

A

in frontal lobe

62
Q

posterior horn

A

in occipital lobe

63
Q

Inferior horn

A

In temporal lobe

64
Q

1st & 2nd Lateral Ventricles

A

one in each telencephalic hemisphere

-anterior, posterior and inferior horn

65
Q

Interventricular foramina

A

connects lateral ventricles with 3rd ventricle

66
Q

3rd Ventricle

A

runs through diencephalon

  • b/w Rt and Lt diencephalon
  • connects with 4th via Cerebral Aqueduct (runs through Mesencephalon)
67
Q

4th Ventricle

A

runs through Metencephalon and Myelencephalon

-pyramid-shaped - between pons and cerebellum, medulla

68
Q

Route of circulation of CSF

A
  1. lateral ventricle
  2. interventricular foramina
  3. 3rd ventricle
  4. cerebral aqueduct
  5. 4th ventricle
  6. central canal to bathe spinal cord or around outside of brain within subarachnoid space
69
Q

Exit of CSF from subarachnoid space

A

leaves via arachnoid villi

70
Q

meninges

A 
dura mater (tough)
arachnoid mater (spider-like/thin)
pia mater (thin)
71
Q

Hydrocephalus

A

blocking CSF circulatory pathway leads to dilation of ventricles

72
Q

Obstructive Hydrocephalus

A

CSF cannot reach subarachnoid space due to obstruction of interventricular foramina, cerebral aqueduct, or median and lateral apertures

Neuroscience Exam 1 (7 decks)

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