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Science 8 > Structures of living things > Flashcards

Structures of living things Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the characteristics of living things?

A

Growth: all living things grow in size and number

Reproduce: All living things generate offspring

Adapt: Adapt to the environment, get things they need to survive

Produce waste: All living things generate waste

Energy: All living things obtain energy from their environment

Cells: All living things are made of cells

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2
Q

Unicellular

A

Any organism that is made of one cell

Bacteria, Amoeba, Etc.

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3
Q

Multicellular

A

Any organism made of 2 or more cells

Multicellular organism require more energy to survive

T-rex, Frog, Human,Etc.

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4
Q

What are the levels of organization?

A

Organelle
Cell
Tissue
Organs
System
Organism

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5
Q

Structure

A

Body parts/Anatonmy

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6
Q

Function

A

Purpose of the structure/Physiology

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7
Q

Explain the respiratory system

A

Lungs is the structure
Transferring oxygen into the blood is the function

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8
Q

Explain the Cardiovascular system

A

Heart is the structure
Moving blood through the body is the function

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9
Q

Stems

A

Apart of the vascular system (plant)

Move water through xylem

Move food through phloem

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10
Q

Leaves

A

Apart of the vascular system (plant)

Photosynthesis to make food from sun’s energy

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11
Q

Roots

A

Apart of vascular system (plant)

Absorb water & minerals from soil

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12
Q

Cell membrane

A

Endocytosis
Exocytosis

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13
Q

Endocystosis

A

Bring things into the cell

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14
Q

Exocytosis

A

Remove things from the cell

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15
Q

Flagella/Cillia

A

Locomotion

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16
Q

DNA

A

Asexual reproduction

17
Q

Organelles

A

Little organs

Parts of a cell

Maintain the life processes of the cell

18
Q

Cell membrane

A

Functions as a protective barrier for the cell

Endocytosis

Exocytosis

In both animal and plant cells

19
Q

Nucleus

A

Cells command centre

Noticeable in the organelle

Contains the genetic information (DNA)

In both animal cells and plant cells

20
Q

Cytoplasm

A

A jelly like substance that contains the nutrients required by the cell to carry on the life processes

Organelles are in the cytoplasm

In both animal and plant cells

21
Q

Ribosomes

A

Produce proteins

Made in nucleolus

Floating in Cytoplasm or attached to Endoplasmic Reticulum

22
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

Rough ER has ribosomes attached to it

Smooth ER has no ribosomes attached to it

Where many things are made for the cell

23
Q

Vacuoles and Vesicles

A

Membrane structures that store nutrients, water & other materials

Plant cells have one very large vacuole taking up most of the space in the cell

Animals have a smaller vacuole and more vacuoles

In both animal and plant cells

24
Q

Golgi Apparatus

A

Séries of flat disc-shapedsacs that package materials for the cell

25
Q

Mitochondria

A

Convert chemical energy of sugar into a usable energy molecule called ATP

Nicknamed the powerhouse of the cell

In both animal and plant cells

26
Q

Chloroplasts

A

Use photosynthesis to convert light, Carbon dioxide and water into sugar & oxygen

Only in plant cells

27
Q

Cell wall

A

Provides protection and strength

Found in plant cells

28
Q

Diffusion

A

Caused by the random motion of particles

Movement through fluids from high concentration to low concentration

29
Q

What affects diffusion

A

Agitation (stirring)

Temperature (diffuse faster in warmer liquids)

Size of molecule

30
Q

Permeable

A

A membrane that let’s all materials cross it

31
Q

Impermeable

A

A membrane that let’s nothing cross it

32
Q

Semi permeable/Selectively Permeable

A

A membrane that let’s only certain materials cross it

Animal and plant cells are semi permeable

33
Q

Osmosis

A

The diffusion of water crossing a semi permeable membrane

Water moves from and area of high concentration of water to an area of low concentration of water

Science 8 (8 decks)

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