Microscope

Question 1

How did the invention of the microscope help scientists?

Answer 1

Allowed scientists to understand the building blocks of all living things

Question 2

Robert Hooke

Answer 2

Assembled the first microscope and used it to examine a thin slice of cork

He saw many empty chambers and called them “cells”

Question 3

Who was the first to observe living cells?

Answer 3

Antoni van Leeuwenhoek

Question 4

Spontaneous generation

Answer 4

The idea that life could emerge from non living matter was accepted in the 19th century

Question 5

Louis pasteur

Answer 5

Disproved the theory of spontaneous generation

Question 6

Cell theory

Answer 6

1. All living things are made up of one or more cells
2. Cells are the smallest unit of life

Question 7

The compound light microscope

Answer 7

Light passes through the specimen
Lenses enlarge or magnify the image

Question 8

Micrometres

Answer 8

Used to measure very tiny objects

The symbol for micromètres is an upside down h

1mm=1000microm
1m=1 000 000 microm

Question 9

The electron microscope

Answer 9

Has a higher resolving power than the light microscope

Uses a beam of electrons

See smaller objects and magnify up to 100 000x
Reveals diverse parts in the cell

Question 10

Transmission electron microscope

Answer 10

Useful for exploring internal structure of a cell

Question 11

Scanning electron microscope

Answer 11

Used to study the detailed architecture of the surface of the cell

Question 12

Parts of the microscope

Answer 12

Ocular lens
Nose piece
Objective lens
Stage
Condenser
Light source
Base
Tube
Arm
Coarse focus
Fine focus

Question 13

Objective lens

Answer 13

A set of 3 lenses magnifying the object at either 4x, 10x or 40x

Question 14

Light source

Answer 14

Provides light

Question 15

Revolving nose piece

Answer 15

Rotates to switch between objective lenses

Question 16

Ocular lens

Answer 16

The part you look through, it’s lens magnifies at 10x

Question 17

Arm

Answer 17

Connects the base with the tube

Question 18

Coarse adjustment knob

Answer 18

Moves the stage in large movements (only use in low power)

Question 19

Fine adjustment knob

Answer 19

Brings object into focus Using small movements (use under medium or high power)

Question 20

Tube

Answer 20

Holds the eyepiece and lenses at a proper working distance from one another

Question 21

Stage

Answer 21

Has the microscope slide stage clips to hold the slide in position

Question 22

Diaphragm

Answer 22

Controls the amount of light reaching the object being viewed

Question 23

Magnification

Answer 23

An increase in the apparent size of the specimen

To calculate magnification of microscope is ocular lens x objective lens

To calculate magnification of image is drawing size divided by actual size

Question 24

Resolving power

Answer 24

The ability of an optical instrument to show 2 objects as separate

Question 25

Explain the magnification of eyepiece and ocular lens and total

Answer 25

Eyepiece is all 10x magnification
Objective at low is 4x at medium is 10x at high is 40x
Total is at low 40x at medium 100x and at high 400x

Question 26

Field of view

Answer 26

The diameter of the circular region of the slide visible under the microscope

Question 27

What are the F.O.V at low high and medium power?

Answer 27

Low is 4000 micrometers
Medium is 1600 micrometers
High is 400 micrometers

Question 28

How do you determine the actual size of a specimen?

Answer 28

1. Determine the F.O.V based on the magnification setting being used
2. Count the number of times the object fits in the F.O.V
3. F.O.V divided by how many fits

Question 29

How do magnification and F.O.V work together?

Answer 29

The higher the magnification the smaller the F.O.V
See less of the specimen but in higher detail