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Competency Enhancement > Structures Engineering > Flashcards

Structures Engineering Flashcards

1
Q

Structural Materials used in building up a system of storing and distributing water and collecting and disposing of wastewater.

A

Clay, bitumen, bricks

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2
Q

It was used to construct aqueducts, trusses, domes, arches, vaults, etc.

A

Stone and masonry

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3
Q

They invented cement using lime mortar and volcanic ash.

A

Roman engineers

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4
Q

one-dimensional entities (trusses, frames, cables, arches)

A

Discrete elements

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5
Q

two or three-dimensional space (plates and shells)

A

Continuous elements

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6
Q

It is a curved
member

A

Arches

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7
Q

Members are subjected to axial forces only (tension or compression)

A

Truss

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8
Q

Members connected to one another with rigid or semi- rigid connections.

A

Frames

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9
Q

Members are short, prismatic, slender and straight.

A

Truss

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10
Q

Members connected to one another with pin connections.

A

Truss

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11
Q

It does not have shear forces or bending moments.

A

Truss

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12
Q

In frames, the horizontal members are
called?

A

Beams (or girder, joist, purlin, lintel).

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13
Q

In frames, the vertical members are called?

A

Column

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14
Q

Members are slender, prismatic, and can be straight or curved.

A

Frames

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15
Q

They are subjected to
bending moments

A

Beams

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16
Q

They carry axial forces.

A

Columns

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17
Q

It is a slender member, with a very small cross-section compared to the length.

A

Cables

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18
Q

When load is discrete, the deformed shape is what?

A

A straight line

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19
Q

When load is distributed, deformed
shape is what?

A

A curve

20
Q

In cables, the primary internal force is what?

A

Axial tension

21
Q

In Arches, the primary internal force is what?

A

Compression

22
Q

It is usually normal to the flat surface.

A

Loading

23
Q

A flat structural member with thickness usually small compared to lateral dimensions.

A

Plates

24
Q

Can be singly curved such as cylindrical shells, doubly curved such as spherical shells or hyperbolic paraboloid surfaces.

A

Shells

25
Q

A structural member where the roof system is a truss while the structure that transmit the load to the ground is a frame

A

Trussed Frame

26
Q

It provides lateral stability and reduce the overall deflection of the frame.

A

Braced Systems

27
Q

It is a structural system used for very long spans as required in some bridges.

A

Suspension Systems

28
Q

Its basic load transfer mechanism is along one-direction.

A

One-way slab

29
Q

They are sometimes assumed to act as wide flat beams, and are constructed in various shapes – T-beams, joist systems, waffle pan, precast planks, etc.

A

Floor slabs

30
Q

It consists of a slab and beam assembly – slabs spanning on secondary beams that then rest on main beams supported on columns.

A

Conventional roofs

31
Q

It forms the basis of the advanced numerical techniques.

A

Classical Techniques

32
Q

It gave a new life to techniques that were considered unsuitable for hand calculations.

A

Numerical Techniques

33
Q

A part of structural design where it is established by the client.

A

Need

34
Q

A part of structural design where selections are narrowed by several considerations.

A

Intermediate designs

35
Q

Angle between two or more connected members is the same after deformation.

A

Rigid

36
Q

Transmits shear and axial forces but not the moment – “moment-release” connection.

A

Internal Hinge

37
Q

Rigidity is depicted by a torsional spring.

A

Typical

38
Q

It is a figure of a structural component or system showing all the forces (external, internal, reactive) acting on it.

A

Free-Body Diagram

39
Q

If a structural system is in ________, then any component of the system is also in equilibrium.

A

Equilibrium

40
Q

If the number of unknowns is equal to the number of available equilibrium equations, then the structure is said to be?

A

Statically determinate.

41
Q

It is assumed on the basis of structural
stability.

A

Determinacy or indeterminacy of a
structure

42
Q

It is an inherent property of the structure and not of the loads acting on
it.

A

Stability

43
Q

if (m + r) < 2j, the truss is ________.

A

Unstable

44
Q

If (m + r) = 2j, the truss is ________.

A

Determinate

45
Q

If (m + r) > 2j, the truss is ________.

A

Indeterminate, indeterminacy is equal
to (m + r − 2j).

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