Structure Of Tissues

Question 0

How does the gut move lumina contents along?

Answer 0

Muscularis externa creates successive peristaltic waves

Question 1

Four layers of the gut wall

Answer 1

Mucosa (innermost)
Submucosa
External muscle layers (muscularis externa)
Serosa

Question 2

What is the mesentry?

Answer 2

Between the simple squamous epithelia and connective tissue in serosa
Contains arteries, veins and nerves

Question 3

What covers peritoneal organs?

Answer 3

Serosa

Layer of mesothelium, the visceral peritoneum

Question 4

What covers retro peritoneal organs?

Answer 4

Adventitia

Loose connective tissue

Question 5

Layers of oesophagus

Answer 5

Epithelium
Lamina propria
Muscularis mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis externa
Adventitia

Question 6

Epithelium of oesophagus

Answer 6

Stratified squamous non-keratinised

Question 7

Lamina propria of oesophagus:

Answer 7

Loose connective tissue bearing blood and lymph vessels
Some smooth muscle cells
Many cells of immune system

Question 8

What is muscularis mucosa?

Answer 8

Thin layer of smooth muscle cells

Question 9

What is submucosa?

Answer 9

Subtending layer of connective tissue containing mucus secreting glands

Question 10

Muscularis externa of oesophagus

Answer 10

Smooth muscle layers
(Inner circular, outer longitudinal)
Move food via peristalsis

Question 11

What is adventitia?

Answer 11

Thin outermost layer of connective tissue

Question 12

Layers of stomach

Answer 12

Epithelium
Gastric mucosa
Muscularis mucosa
Submucosa 
Muscularis externa
Rugae

Question 13

Epithelium of stomach

Answer 13

Simple columnar epithelia for absorption

Question 14

Gastric mucosa of stomach

Answer 14

Secretes acid, digestive enzymes and gastric (hormone)

Question 15

Muscularis externa of stomach

Answer 15

Three layers (oblique, circular and longitudinal)
Of smooth muscle in the stomach

Question 16

Rugae of stomach

Answer 16

Folds of the gastric mucosa forming longitudinal ridges in an empty stomach

Question 17

Layers of jejunum

Answer 17

Jejunal mucosa
Epithelium
Submucosa
Muscularis externa
Pilicae circulares

Question 18

Jejunal mucosa

Answer 18

Epithelia, lamina propria and muscularis mucosa

Question 19

Epithelium of jejunum

Answer 19

Simple columnar (absorption)

Question 20

Muscularis externa of jejunum

Answer 20

Two layers

Question 21

Pilicae circulares

Answer 21

Circular folds of mucosa and submucosa that project into the gut lumen

Question 22

Layers of large intestine, colon

Answer 22

Mucosa
Epithelium
Submucosa
Muscularis externae

Question 23

Epithelium of large intestine

Answer 23

Simple columnar (absorption)

Question 24

Crypts of Lieberkühn

Answer 24

Simple columnar epithelium Produces much mucus Supplies cells to the surface Surface epithelial cells absorb water and electrolytes

Question 25

Conducting portion of respiratory tract

Answer 25

Nasal cavity to the bronchioles

Question 26

Respiratory portion of respiratory tract

Answer 26

Bronchioles to the alveoli

Question 27

Respiratory tract

Answer 27

Nasal cavity to the bronchioles to the alveoli

Question 28

Layers of the trachea

Answer 28

``` Epithelium SUbmucosa Fibroeleastic membrane with trachealis muscle C-shaped hyaline cartilage Adventitia ```

Question 29

Epithelium of trachea

Answer 29

Pseudostratified ciliates

Question 30

Submucosa of trachea

Answer 30

Contains sero-mucous glands (decrease closer to the bronchioles)

Question 31

C-shaped hyaline cartilage

Answer 31

C-shaped to prevent oesophageal collapse | Cartilage also found in the bronchus but no further

Question 32

Layers of bronchus

Answer 32

Epithelium Smooth muscle Submucosa Crescent-shaped cartilage

Question 33

Submucosa of bronchus

Answer 33

Contains glands

Question 34

Layers of bronchioles

Answer 34

Epithelium Smooth muscle Alveoli

Question 35

Epithelium of bronchiole

Answer 35

Simple columnar ciliated/cuboidal (Not ciliated in smaller bronchioles) In terminal bronchioles, small sacs extend from walls that are lined by a ciliated cuboidal epithelium

Question 36

Alveoliiiiiiii

Answer 36

No cartilage because surrounding alveoli keep the lumen open

Question 37

Layer of alveoli

Answer 37

One cell thick | Purely epithelial

Question 38

Epithelia of alveoli

Answer 38

Type 1 cells (squamous) 90% | Type 2 cells (cuboidal) 10%

Question 39

Type 1 cells of alveoli

Answer 39

Squamous Cover surface area 90% Permit gas exchange with capillaries

Question 40

Type 2 cells of alveoli

Answer 40

Cuboidal Cover surface area 10% Produce surfactant

Question 41

What surrounds alveoli?

Answer 41

Basket work of capillaries and elastic fibres | Alveolar surface lined by numerous macrophages

Question 43

Epithelium of ureter

Answer 43

Transitional

Question 44

Lamina propria of ureter

Answer 44

Fibroelastic LP

Question 45

Muscularis Externa of ureter

Answer 45

Circular

Question 46

Layers of bladder wall

Answer 46

Epithelium Smooth muscle Muscularis externa

Question 47

Epithelium of bladder wall

Answer 47

Transitional | Impermeable to urine due to thick plasma membrane and intercellular tight junctions

Question 48

Smooth muscle of bladder wall

Answer 48

In lamina propria

Question 49

Muscularis externa of bladder wall

Answer 49

Three interwoven layers

Question 50

Layers of urethra

Answer 50

Epithelium Lamina propria Muscularis externa Adventitia

Question 51

Epithelium of the urethra

Answer 51

Transitional | In penile urethra the epithelium is stratified columnar

Question 52

Muscularis externa of urethra

Answer 52

Circular and longitudinal

Question 61

Layers of ureter

Answer 61

Epithelium Lamina propria Muscularis externa