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Structure Of Tissues Flashcards

0
Q

How does the gut move lumina contents along?

A

Muscularis externa creates successive peristaltic waves

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1
Q

Four layers of the gut wall

A

Mucosa (innermost)
Submucosa
External muscle layers (muscularis externa)
Serosa

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2
Q

What is the mesentry?

A

Between the simple squamous epithelia and connective tissue in serosa
Contains arteries, veins and nerves

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3
Q

What covers peritoneal organs?

A

Serosa

Layer of mesothelium, the visceral peritoneum

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4
Q

What covers retro peritoneal organs?

A

Adventitia

Loose connective tissue

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5
Q

Layers of oesophagus

A 
Epithelium
Lamina propria
Muscularis mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis externa
Adventitia
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6
Q

Epithelium of oesophagus

A

Stratified squamous non-keratinised

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7
Q

Lamina propria of oesophagus:

A

Loose connective tissue bearing blood and lymph vessels
Some smooth muscle cells
Many cells of immune system

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8
Q

What is muscularis mucosa?

A

Thin layer of smooth muscle cells

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9
Q

What is submucosa?

A

Subtending layer of connective tissue containing mucus secreting glands

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10
Q

Muscularis externa of oesophagus

A

Smooth muscle layers
(Inner circular, outer longitudinal)
Move food via peristalsis

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11
Q

What is adventitia?

A

Thin outermost layer of connective tissue

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12
Q

Layers of stomach

A 
Epithelium
Gastric mucosa
Muscularis mucosa
Submucosa 
Muscularis externa
Rugae
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13
Q

Epithelium of stomach

A

Simple columnar epithelia for absorption

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14
Q

Gastric mucosa of stomach

A

Secretes acid, digestive enzymes and gastric (hormone)

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15
Q

Muscularis externa of stomach

A 
Three layers (oblique, circular and longitudinal)
Of smooth muscle in the stomach
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16
Q

Rugae of stomach

A

Folds of the gastric mucosa forming longitudinal ridges in an empty stomach

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17
Q

Layers of jejunum

A 
Jejunal mucosa
Epithelium
Submucosa
Muscularis externa
Pilicae circulares
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18
Q

Jejunal mucosa

A

Epithelia, lamina propria and muscularis mucosa

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19
Q

Epithelium of jejunum

A

Simple columnar (absorption)

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20
Q

Muscularis externa of jejunum

A

Two layers

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21
Q

Pilicae circulares

A

Circular folds of mucosa and submucosa that project into the gut lumen

22
Q

Layers of large intestine, colon

A

Mucosa
Epithelium
Submucosa
Muscularis externae

23
Q

Epithelium of large intestine

A

Simple columnar (absorption)

24
Q

Crypts of Lieberkühn

A

Simple columnar epithelium
Produces much mucus
Supplies cells to the surface
Surface epithelial cells absorb water and electrolytes

25
Q

Conducting portion of respiratory tract

A

Nasal cavity to the bronchioles

26
Q

Respiratory portion of respiratory tract

A

Bronchioles to the alveoli

27
Q

Respiratory tract

A

Nasal cavity to the bronchioles to the alveoli

28
Q

Layers of the trachea

A 
Epithelium
SUbmucosa
Fibroeleastic membrane with trachealis muscle
C-shaped hyaline cartilage
Adventitia
29
Q

Epithelium of trachea

A

Pseudostratified ciliates

30
Q

Submucosa of trachea

A

Contains sero-mucous glands (decrease closer to the bronchioles)

31
Q

C-shaped hyaline cartilage

A

C-shaped to prevent oesophageal collapse

Cartilage also found in the bronchus but no further

32
Q

Layers of bronchus

A

Epithelium
Smooth muscle
Submucosa
Crescent-shaped cartilage

33
Q

Submucosa of bronchus

A

Contains glands

34
Q

Layers of bronchioles

A

Epithelium
Smooth muscle
Alveoli

35
Q

Epithelium of bronchiole

A

Simple columnar ciliated/cuboidal
(Not ciliated in smaller bronchioles)
In terminal bronchioles, small sacs extend from walls that are lined by a ciliated cuboidal epithelium

36
Q

Alveoliiiiiiii

A

No cartilage because surrounding alveoli keep the lumen open

37
Q

Layer of alveoli

A

One cell thick

Purely epithelial

38
Q

Epithelia of alveoli

A

Type 1 cells (squamous) 90%

Type 2 cells (cuboidal) 10%

39
Q

Type 1 cells of alveoli

A

Squamous
Cover surface area 90%
Permit gas exchange with capillaries

40
Q

Type 2 cells of alveoli

A

Cuboidal
Cover surface area 10%
Produce surfactant

41
Q

What surrounds alveoli?

A

Basket work of capillaries and elastic fibres

Alveolar surface lined by numerous macrophages

43
Q

Epithelium of ureter

A

Transitional

44
Q

Lamina propria of ureter

A

Fibroelastic LP

45
Q

Muscularis Externa of ureter

46
Q

Layers of bladder wall

A

Epithelium
Smooth muscle
Muscularis externa

47
Q

Epithelium of bladder wall

A

Transitional

Impermeable to urine due to thick plasma membrane and intercellular tight junctions

48
Q

Smooth muscle of bladder wall

A

In lamina propria

49
Q

Muscularis externa of bladder wall

A

Three interwoven layers

50
Q

Layers of urethra

A

Epithelium
Lamina propria
Muscularis externa
Adventitia

51
Q

Epithelium of the urethra

A

Transitional

In penile urethra the epithelium is stratified columnar

52
Q

Muscularis externa of urethra

A

Circular and longitudinal

61
Q

Layers of ureter

A

Epithelium
Lamina propria
Muscularis externa

ESA1 (6 decks)

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