Structure of the Nervous System (Cranial Nerves) Flashcards
Sulcus
Crevice/trench on brain surface
Gyrus
Ridge on brain surface
Foramina
Hole to allow structures to pass through
Choroid plexus
Lines the ventricle system in the brain and produces CSF
Falx cerebri
Longitudinal crescent-shaped fold of meningeal layer of dura mater between the cerebral hemispheres
Ventricle
System filled with CSF in the brain
Sinus
Sac/cavity in organ or tissue e.g. frontal sinus, cavity containing air
Sella Turcica
Saddle shaped depression (Turkish saddle) in sphenoid bone, housing pituitary gland
Cerebrum
“Brain” upper most region of nervous system, containing white and grey matter
Cerebellum
Little brain situated at the back of the brain
Meninges
“Membrane” layers covering the brain consisting of the dura, arachnoid and pia layers
Bones of the skull
22 bones
- 8 forms the cranium: temporal, frontal, occipital, parietal, sphenoid, ethmoid and maxilla
- 14 form the face
- > Orbit is formed from a lot of bones
What joins bones together?
Sutures e.g. coronal and sagittal suture
Transverse
Slicing in half across
Sagittal
Down the middle
Coronal
Side slice
Where is the coronal suture?
Joining the pariental and frontal bone
Where is the sagittal suture?
Suture that is at the top of the skull joining the parietal bones together superiorly
What type of joint is a suture?
A syndesmosis joint - fibrous
What happens if sutures do not close in babies?
There are developmentally cases where this happens and the sutures do not fuse. This can cause brain damage
Five layers of the scalp
Skin Connective tissue Aponeurosis Loose connective tissue Pericranium
Where is the scalp?
Outer aspect of anything from the meninges to the bone
Inner aspect of the meningeal layers
The dura mater
The arachnoid mater
The pia mater
What is between the two hemispheres of the brain?
The thick dura mater
What is the falx cerebri?
The crescent-shaped fold of meningeal layer of dua mater that descends vertically in the longitudinal fissue between the cerebral hemispheres of the human brain
Where does the falx cerebelli attach?
It attaches directly to the frontal/nasal bones and keeps the brain intact
What is the tentorium cerebelli?
Separates the main brain from the cerebellum; forms a tent shape at the back
What happens when people hit the back of their heads?
They complain of temporary or complete blindness