Structure Of The nervous System Flashcards
What does the blood brain barrier do?
Creates extracellular environment that is different than the rest of the body, it’s tight junctions produce a sort of immpermeability
Parts of the Cns
Brain, brainstorm and spinal cord
Parts of the brain (three main components)
Forebrain, brainstem and cerebellum
Forebrain parts (and functions)
Cerebrum - main portion of the brain
Dienecephalon- thalamus and hypothalamus… Important for autonomic regulation
Brainstem parts and function
Midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata Rudimentary functions (respiratory and cardiovascular)
Cerebellum function
Motor functioning..
Thalamus function
Relay center regulates input into the cerebral cortex
For arousal and focused attention
Hypothalamus function
Command center for the autonomic nervous and endocrine system Does Hormone secretion Autonomic effects Thermo regulation Food and water intake Sleep and cicadian rythmns Memory And emotional behavior
Spinal cord function
To transfer messages to and from your peripheral nervous system
Name the two different roots of the spinal cord and there direction
Dorsal root - to the brain
Ventral root - to the body
Why is grey matter grey?
Because there are more neurons that are not myelinated than are myelinated
White matter function
Brings information in and out of the spinal cord.. It includes the meninges has the myelinated axons..
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there!
31
What are ganglions?
Locations where you have lots of synapses
4 regions if nerves in the spinal cord.
Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral
What is the subachnoid space?
The space between the skull and brain tissue
What are the meninges?
Line the subachnoid space with cerebral spinal fluid
What does csf do?
Circulates, cushions and protects the fragile tissue of the brain and spinal cord
What are the three layers of the meninges?
Pia matter (closest to the brain) Archnoid mater (middle layer) Duramater (outer layer and toughest)
What is the function of the Blood supply to the brain? How much blood goes to the brain? Will it ever reduce?
Decreased flow will lead to cell death.. Although it is a small organ it needs a certain amount of blood.. It is never reduced
What are paracrine agents and autocrine agents?
Paracrines- act locally
Autocrines- act on the cell
Define lipophilic
Substances pass through endothelial cell membranes ensures that brain ecf is very distinct from blood
Name the components of the peripheral nervous system
Two main sections afferent and efferent (efferent is separated into somatic and autonomic)
What are the two subsections of the efferent pns
Somatic and autonomic