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BioChem > Structure of Proteins and Cell Division > Flashcards

Structure of Proteins and Cell Division Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four structures of protein?

A

Primary, secondary, tertiary, and quanternery

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2
Q

What happens in the primary structure?

A

Chaining

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3
Q

What happens in the secondary structure?

A

Beta pleat or alpha helix

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4
Q

What happens in the tertiary structure?

A

Disulfide bond, stabilizing bond with protein

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5
Q

What happens in the quanternery structure?

A

Taking tertiary bonds and putting them together

ex. hemoglobin

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6
Q

What are some characteristics of structural proteins?

A

Deal with fibrous proteins
Need to be water insoluble
Sometimes involved in blood clotting

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7
Q

What are some characteristics of functional proteins?

A

“More purposeful”

generally water soluble and have flexible, 3D shape that can change

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8
Q

What is denaturation?

A

Changing the structure and function of the cell (usually by heat)

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9
Q

What are genes?

A

Instructions that are coded in segments of DNA

May have multiple codes

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10
Q

What are nucleotides?

A

Include 5-Carbon sugar, phosphate groups, and nitrogenous bases

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11
Q

What are the three types of RNA?

A

Transfer, messenger, and ribosomal

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12
Q

Characteristics of chromosomes

A

Supercoiled, coiled around histone proteins, connected to centromere

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13
Q

True or False:

Simatic cells are reproductive sex cells

A

FALSE.

Simatic cells are all cells EXCEPT reproductive sex cells

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14
Q

What is mitosis?

A

Replication of identical daughter cell

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15
Q

What is interphase?

A

DNA synthesized, most of the cell life cycle

Has three phases

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16
Q

What are the phases of interphase?

A

G1 (growth), S phase (building of DNA and RNA), G2 (growth)

17
Q

What is an allele?

A

Opposite form of a gene

Ex. Blue eye gene– Brown eye gene

18
Q

What happens during prophase? (In Mitosis)

A

Break down nuclear envelope

Has spindle fibers, just not connected

19
Q

What happens during metaphase? (In Mitosis)

A

DNA lines up to Metaphase plate

20
Q

What happens during anaphase?

A

Separation of chromatids, connected centromere

21
Q

What happens during telophase?

A

Cytoplasm cutting

22
Q

What kind of cells go through meiosis?

A

Reproductive sex cells

23
Q

What is a tetrad?

A

Pairing up of chromosomes

24
Q

What is synapsis?

A

DNA crossing over

X’s crossing

25
Q

What does Telophase II end with?

A

Haploids

26
Q

What is the full set of DNA/chromosomes called?

A

Diploid number

27
Q

What is a zygote?

A

Two gametes

Ova and spermazoid

BioChem (7 decks)

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