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BioChem > Quizzes > Flashcards

Quizzes Flashcards

1
Q

A section of DNA is called what?

A

Gene

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2
Q

What is the purpose of an enzyme?

A

Speed up rate

Low activation energy

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3
Q

The four nitrogen bases on DNA are Cytosine, Adenine, Guanine, and…

A

Thymine

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4
Q

The Glycocalyx is considered the “_______” of the cell membrane

A

Sugar coating

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5
Q

Glycoproteins and glycolipids are important for the cell membrane because… (Name two reasons/functions)

A

Allows substances to go in or not go into the cell

Aids in blanketing

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6
Q

Give an example of a ligand

A

Insulin

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7
Q

Does osmosis need energy or no energy?

A

No energy

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8
Q

Does exocytosis need energy or no energy?

A

Energy

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9
Q

Does endocytosis need energy or no energy?

A

Energy

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10
Q

Does facilitate transport need energy or no energy?

A

No energy

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11
Q

Does active transport need energy or no energy?

A

Energy

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12
Q

Energy is required when the substance is going from…?

A

Low to high concentration

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13
Q

True or False:

Enzyme is transformed into a new product when it is joined with a substrate

A

False

Enzymes stay the same

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14
Q

True or False:

Osmosis is the diffusing of all liquids

A

False

Only deals with water

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15
Q

In what organelle does the majority of ATPs come from?

A

Mitochondria

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16
Q

Give an example of Receptor Mediated Protein (ligand)

A

Insulin

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17
Q

What is the purpose of Cilia and Flagella?

A

Move the cell

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18
Q

If the cell begins to demand more energy, what happens?

A

Mitochondria will go through Fission

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19
Q

What is the primary role of peroxisomes?

A

Detoxer

Break down fatty acids

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20
Q

Where are peroxisomes usually located?

A

Liver and kidney cells

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21
Q

Why is water a great solvent?

A

It has a polar bond and some substances can dissolve very easily

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22
Q

True or False:

Electronegativity of an element has to do with how strong an element grabs the electron

A

True

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23
Q

A positively charged particle is called what?

A

A proton

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24
Q

What is an ionic bond?

A 
Complete transfer of and electron
Makes ions
Strongest of all bonds!
Soluable in water
Solid at room temperature
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25
Q

Give an example of an ionic bond

A

Between metals and metals
or
Metals and nonmetals
(Need a metal)

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26
Q

What is a covalent bond?

A

Room temperature boiling points
Liquids or gases at room temperature
Do not conduct electricity
Not soluble in water

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27
Q

Give an example of a covalent bond

A

Only nonmetals

Only liquids or gases

28
Q

True or False:

In covalent bonds, the orbitals overlap

A

True

29
Q

True or False:

In ionic bonds, the orbitals overlap

A

False

Bonds line up but do not overlap

30
Q

What is a hydrogen bond?

A

Weakest bond

Stabilizes proteins, DNA, and RNA

31
Q

Give an example of a hydrogen bond

A

Curly hair- Need to use heat to break protein

32
Q

Electrostatic attraction is a huge influence in which bond?

A

Hydrogen bond

33
Q

What are the three types of chemical reactions?

A

Synthesis, decomposition, exchange reaction

34
Q

Describe synthesis

A

Taking two simple products to complex

Anabolism

35
Q

Describe decomposition

A

From complex to simple
Breaking down
(Catabolism)

36
Q

Describe exchange reaction

A

Exchange partners in a reaction

37
Q

The atomic number is…

A

Equal to the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

38
Q

The Octave rule is..

A

A rule showing the repeated chemical groups every eight elements
Noble gases are the example of the element of the rule

39
Q

There are how many families of Elements?

A

Six

40
Q

Each period on the Periodic Table ends with a…

A

Noble Gas

41
Q

Groups on the Periodic Table are divided into sub groups called…

A

Transition and representative

42
Q

Noble gases are…

A

Group VIII

43
Q 
Halogens are
A. Specific non metals
B. Inert Gases
C. Not reactive
D. Group 1A
A

A. specific non metals

44
Q 
Rare earth metals are
A. Part of the actinide series
B. Radioactive
C. Lanthanides
D. Man made
A

C. Lanthanides

45
Q

The number of bonds an atom can form with another atom depends on what?

A

The electrons available to share, the chemical bond as the attachment between the atoms within a molecule, and the number of electrons it can easily share with its neighbor

46
Q

The organelle in a typical animal cell that is the largest of the organelles, contains DNA, and controls cell activities is the…

A

Nucleus

47
Q

The organelle that is the site of protein synthesis is the…?

A

Ribosome

48
Q

A continuous channel that contains ribosome’s is called the…

A

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

49
Q

The powerhouse of the cell, where ATP is produced that is energy for the cell is the…

A

Mitochondria

50
Q

A vacuole that contains digestive enzymes that enable the cell to dispose of debris and toxins is the…

A

Lysosome

51
Q

True or False:

A eukaryotic cell contains a nucleus

A

True

52
Q

Describe the plasma membrane

A

Controls what can go in and out of the cell
Can also be called phospholipid bilayer or cell membrane
Does not like water-soluable things

53
Q

Give an example of a prokaryotic cell

A

Bacteria

Viruses

54
Q

Describe the differences between a prokaryotic and a eukaryotic cell

A

Prokaryotic does not have a nucleus while eukaryotic does

Eukaryotic has organs and organelles

55
Q

An experiment is a..

A

Controlled testing of the properties of a substance or system through carefully recorded measurements

56
Q

True or False:

Cilia is an organelle only found on a eukaryotic cell and is used by the cell for locomotion

A

False

Found in prokaryotic cells as well

57
Q

A law is best described as…

A

A hypothesis or theory that is tested repeatedly with the same results and thought to be without exception

58
Q

Describe characteristics of a phosphor lipid bilayer

A 
Allows things to go through channels to get in or out of cell
Found on outside of cell
Oil layer
Hydrophobic can go through
Has fatty acid tails
59
Q

Changing of matter is called what?

A

A reaction

60
Q

Protons are…

A

Subatomic and exist in the core of an atom, subatomic with a positive charge, are found in the nucleus

61
Q

Atoms are…

A

Smallest particle “not divided”

62
Q

Sulfur is
A. Necessary for cellular energy
B. Component of all protein and nucleic acid
C. Component of most protein

A

C. Component of most protein

63
Q

Sodium is
A. Component of most protein
B. Positive ion for extracellular tissue
C. Necessary for cellular energy

A

C. Positive ion for extracellular tissue

64
Q

Nitrogen is
A. Component of all protein and nucleic acid
B. Necessary for cellular energy
C. Positive ion for extracellular tissue

A

A. Component of all protein and nucleic acid

65
Q

Oxygen is
A. Component of most protein
B. Component of all protein and nucleic acid
C. Necessary for cellular energy

A

c. Necessary for cellular energy

66
Q

How many elements occur in nature?

A

92

BioChem (7 decks)

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