Structure of Bone Flashcards
What cell is bone derived from?
Mesenchymal cells
What type of bone forms the dense outer cortex?
Compact corticle bone
What type of bone forms the inner cavity of bones?
Trabecular/spongy bone meshwork
What lines the inside of a medullary cavity?
Endosteum
What lines the outside of the medullary cavity?
Periosteum
What is the name given to the ends of long bones?
Epiphysis (where bone growth occurs)
What is the name given to the middle of long bones?
Diaphysis
Describe woven bone?
Immature bone with an irregular pattern
Extracellular matrix is made up of collagen fibrils
describe lamellar bone?
Mature bone with haversian systems arranged in layers
In can exist as either compact or trabecular
Where is woven bone found in an adult?
Tooth socket
Cranial sutures
What is found on the outer layers of haversian bone?
Collagen and blood vessels
What forms the inner layer of haversian bone and what is found here?
Internally lined with endosteum containing osteoprogenitor cells and reticular fibres
What travels in the central canal of haversian systems?
Blood vessels
What are Volksman’s canals?
Perindicular (to the central haversian canal) containing blood vessels
What connects muscle tendons to bone?
Sharpey’s fibres
What structure traps immobile osteocytes?
Lacunae
What is the chemical formula of hydroxyapetite?
Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2
Name all of the organic compounds involved in bone mineralisation?
Osteoid collagen
Proteins x2
Proteoglycans
Name the two organic proteins and which one is secreted by osteoblasts?
What is their function?
Osteopontin
Osteocalcin (secreted by osteoblasts)
Bind osteoblasts to the bone matrix
What type of collagen fibrils make up osteoid collagen?
Type I
Name the inorganic compounds involved in bone mineralisation?
Hydroxyapetite
What does hydroxyapetite seeding and growth depend on?
Concentration of Calcium and Phosphate
Bone can only grow where crystal nuclei can form, what does normal tissue contain to prevent bone formation?
Pyrophosphates
