Limbic System Flashcards
Name the hypothalamic nuclei that have magnocellular neurones, where do these neurones project to?
Paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei
Project to the posterior pituitary gland
Which hypothalamic nuclei controls circadian rhythms?
Subchiasmatic
How are circadian rhythms regulated by the hypothalamus?
The subchiasmatic nuclei sends sympathetic nervous system projections (via the superior cervical ganglion) to the pineal gland which secretes the hormone melatonin
Name the two proteins that feed-forward and name the two proteins that are inhibitory completing a 24 hour cycle?
Positive feed-forward = Clock/BMAL
Negative feed-back = Period/Cry
What is the action of the lateral hypothalamic nuclei and what might a lesion in this area cause?
It induces feeding behaviour
Lesion will cause aphagia
What are the actions of the ventromedial hypothalamic nuclei and what might a lesion in this area cause?
Suppressed feeding behaviour (lesion = hyperphagia)
In women oestrogen acts on the VMN and increases sexual behaviour
What does the circumventricular area of the hypothalamus control?
Drinking behaviours as it is sensitive to blood constituents and therefore affected by ADH and oxytocin secreted by the posterior pituitary gland
What does the pre-optic area of the hypothalamus control?
In men testosterone acts on the pre-optic area and increases sexual behaviour
What stimulates the anterior pituitary?
CRH
What area of the hypothalamus controls the parasympathetic nervous system?
Anterior hypothalamus
What area of the hypothalamus controls the sympathetic nervous system?
Posterior hypothalamus
Damage to the amygdala can lead to which condition?
Kluver-Bucy syndrome
What are the symptoms of Kluver-Bucy syndrome?
Hyperphagia (classical symptom) Fronto-temporal dementia Hyper-sexuality Visual agnosia Loss of fear Hyper-orality
Name the three nuclei of the amygdala?
Central
Basolateral
Corticomedial
What three things does the amygdala regulate?
Emotional learning and memory
Fear and conditioning
Reward