Limbic System Flashcards

1
Q

Name the hypothalamic nuclei that have magnocellular neurones, where do these neurones project to?

A

Paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei

Project to the posterior pituitary gland

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2
Q

Which hypothalamic nuclei controls circadian rhythms?

A

Subchiasmatic

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3
Q

How are circadian rhythms regulated by the hypothalamus?

A

The subchiasmatic nuclei sends sympathetic nervous system projections (via the superior cervical ganglion) to the pineal gland which secretes the hormone melatonin

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4
Q

Name the two proteins that feed-forward and name the two proteins that are inhibitory completing a 24 hour cycle?

A

Positive feed-forward = Clock/BMAL

Negative feed-back = Period/Cry

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5
Q

What is the action of the lateral hypothalamic nuclei and what might a lesion in this area cause?

A

It induces feeding behaviour

Lesion will cause aphagia

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6
Q

What are the actions of the ventromedial hypothalamic nuclei and what might a lesion in this area cause?

A

Suppressed feeding behaviour (lesion = hyperphagia)

In women oestrogen acts on the VMN and increases sexual behaviour

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7
Q

What does the circumventricular area of the hypothalamus control?

A

Drinking behaviours as it is sensitive to blood constituents and therefore affected by ADH and oxytocin secreted by the posterior pituitary gland

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8
Q

What does the pre-optic area of the hypothalamus control?

A

In men testosterone acts on the pre-optic area and increases sexual behaviour

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9
Q

What stimulates the anterior pituitary?

A

CRH

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10
Q

What area of the hypothalamus controls the parasympathetic nervous system?

A

Anterior hypothalamus

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11
Q

What area of the hypothalamus controls the sympathetic nervous system?

A

Posterior hypothalamus

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12
Q

Damage to the amygdala can lead to which condition?

A

Kluver-Bucy syndrome

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13
Q

What are the symptoms of Kluver-Bucy syndrome?

A
Hyperphagia (classical symptom) 
Fronto-temporal dementia
Hyper-sexuality
Visual agnosia
Loss of fear
Hyper-orality
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14
Q

Name the three nuclei of the amygdala?

A

Central
Basolateral
Corticomedial

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15
Q

What three things does the amygdala regulate?

A

Emotional learning and memory
Fear and conditioning
Reward

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