Hip Joint Flashcards
Of the hip joint what angle of motion is produced by abduction?
30-40 degrees
Of the hip joint what angle of motion is produced by adduction?
20-30 degrees
Of the hip joint what angle of motion is produced by lateral (external) rotation?
30-45 degrees
Of the hip joint what angle of motion is produced by medial (internal) rotation?
40-50 degrees
Of the hip joint what angle of motion is produced by extension?
10 degrees
Of the hip joint what angle of motion is produced by flexion?
Knees extended - 100 degrees
Knees flexed - 130 degrees
Name the 9 muscles found in the gluteal region?
Glutimus maximus Glutimus medius Glutimus minimus Tensor Fascialatus Piriformis Gemelus superior Obturator internus Gemelus inferior Quadratus femoris
What is the action of glutimus maximus and where does it attach onto?
Powerful extensor and also rotator
Attaches on the gluteal tuberosity (lateral) of the femur
What is the action of both glutimus medius and minimus?
Abductors
Name all the abductor-rotatator (lateral) muscles of the hip and what is their points of attachment?
Piriformis (sciatic nerve below) Gemellus superior Obturator internus Gemellus inferior All attach onto the greater trochanter
What is the function of quadratus femoris and where is its attachment?
Rotator (lateral)
Quadrate tubercle
Name all of the muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh and state their actions?
All adductor-rotators (medial) Adductor magnus (adductor hiatus) Adductor longus (femoral triangle) Adductor brevis Pectineus (pectineal line on femur) Gracilis
Name all of the muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh and state their actions?
All flexors of the hip and extensors of the knee Rectus femoris Vastus medialis Vastus intermedius Vastus lateralis Sartorius (flexor of the hip AND knee) Iliopsoas
Name all of the muscles of the posterior compartment of the thigh and state their actions?
All extensor-rotators of the hip and flexors of the knee
Semitendonosus
Semimembranosus
Biceps femoris
In the hip joint where is hyaline cartilage found?
On articular surfaces
In the hip joint where is synovial membrane found?
Lines non-articular surfaces
What is the labrum made of?
Fibrocartilage
What is the blood supply of the ligament of the head of femur?
Obturator artery
What attaches onto the linea aspra?
Hamstrings
What two causes of particular concern are attributed to posterior hip-dislocations?
Fracture of the neck of acetabulum
Damage to the sciatic nerve
Name the intrinsic ligaments of the hip?
Ileofemoral ligament (limits extension to 10 degrees)
Pubofemoral ligament
Ishiofemoral ligament
Define Hilton’s law?
Nerves to muscles which move a joint also supply sensory innovation to the joint
Which arteries form the cruciate anastomosis?
Lateral circumflex
Medial circumflex
Inferior gluteal
1st perforating branch
Which arteries form the tochenteric anastomosis?
Inferior gluteal
Superior gluteal
Lateral circumflex
Medial circumflex
Where does the puedendal nerve travel through and what are its root values?
Lesser sciatic foreman
S2-S4
What muscles does the superior gluteal nerve innovate and what are its root values?
Gluteus medius and minimus
Tensor facialatus
L4-S1
What muscles does the inferior gluteal nerve innovate and what are its root values?
Gluteus maximus
L5-S2
What muscles does the nerve to obturator supply and what are its root values?
Obturator internus
Gemelus superior
L5-S2
What muscles does the nerve to quadratus femoris supply and what are its root values?
Quadrator femoris
Gemelus inferior
L4-S1
What is of particular concern regarding a femoral neck fracture?
Loss of blood to the inter-capsule resulting in avascular necrosis
Describe a positive Trendelenburgs sign?
Pelvis drops on non-weight baring side
