Anatomy of Shoulder Flashcards
What type of joint is the acromioclavicular joint?
Synovial gliding/planer joint
What type of joint is the elbow?
Synovial hinge joint
What type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint?
Synovial saddle joint (two plane movements)
What type of joint is the knuckle joint?
Synovial condyloid joint
What type of joint is the shoulder joint?
Synovial ball and socket joint
What type of joint is between C1 (atlas) and C2 (axis)
Synovial pivot joint
Name the three processes of the scapula?
Coracoid
Spinous
Acromion
Where does the upper limb start?
Sternoclavicular joint (saddle joint)
What are bursae?
Little pockets of synovial fluid which protects the tendons
Where do the trapezius muscles attach?
Superior to scapula spinous process
What is the major function of the deltoid muscles?
Abduction
What is the major function of the latissimus dorsi muscles?
Adduction
What is the nerve innervation to the deltoid muscles?
Axillary nerve
What are the two points of attachment of levator scapula, and what is its function?
Neck to the superior scapula angle
Rotates the scapula
What are the two points of attachment of the teres major muscle, and what is its function?
Bicepotal grove of humerous to inferior scapula angle
Adduction
What is the function of the rhomboids?
Stabilise the scapula
Name the three posterior rotator cuff muscles?
Where do they all attach onto?
Supraspinatous - Tendon to top of greater tubercle
Infraspinatous - Tendon to greater tubercle (middle)
Teres minor - Tendon to greater tubercle (middle)
Name the two abductors of the shoulder?
Deltoids
Supraspinatous - initiates
Name the three adductor muscles of the shoulder?
Latissimus dorsi (major adductor)
Teres major
Pectoralis major
Name the three lateral rotator muscles of the shoulder?
Infraspinatous
Teres minor
Posterior fibres of deltoid
Name the extensor muscle of the shoulder?
Where does this muscle attach?
Long head of triceps
Infraglenoid tubercle
Name the three stabilisers of the scapula?
Rhomboids
Seratous anterior
Pectoralis minor
What is the action of biceps brachi on the shoulder?
Flexion
Where does the long head of biceps brachi attach on to?
Travels in-between the greater and lesser tubercle (intertubercular groove) and attaches on top of the glenoid fossa on the superior glenoid tubercle
What are the two flexor muscles of the shoulder?
Biceps brachi
Coracobrachi
What is the action of subscapularis?
Medial rotation of the shoulder
What nerve innervates seratous anterior?
Long thorassic nerve
In the axilla what structures form the anterior wall?
Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Subclavious muscle
In the axilla what structures form the posterior wall?
Latissimus dorsi
Teres major
Subscapularis
Long head of triceps brachii
In the axilla what structures form the apex?
Lateral margin of rib 1
Clavicle
Superior scapula margin
Where does the subclavian artery become the axillary artery?
Lateral margin of rib 1
