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Micro > Structure of bacteria cell ch2 > Flashcards

Structure of bacteria cell ch2 Flashcards

1
Q

The name of bacteria heterogeneous shap

A

Bleomorophic

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2
Q

Syaphylococci

A

ترتيب البكتيريا على شكل عنقود عنب

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3
Q

Diplococci

A

Pairs shape

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4
Q

Streptococci

A

Chain shape

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5
Q

Outer layer in gram- contain

A

Lipopolyscharide
Lipopolyprotien
Phospholipid

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6
Q

The enzyme in periplasmic space

A

Beta-lactemase

As inhiptor to beta lactate drug

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7
Q

Why mycobacterium depolarizeed in gram stain?

A 
Rich lipid cell wall+
They have (mycolic acid + arabinoglycan)
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8
Q

Peptidoglycan also called:

A

1- murien

2- mucopeptide

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9
Q

What’s the composition of peptidoglycan?

A

1- glycan chain (NAG,NAM)
2-tetrapeptide 9L-amino , Damino)
3-peptide interbrige : the cross linking

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10
Q

How pebtidoglycan act as antibacterial drug?

A

By inhibits transpiptidase that build the cross link of tetrapeptide

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11
Q

Four steps of gram stain:

A

1- violet dye (all cells blue)
2- add iodine solution : crystal violet-iodine solution
3- the organic compound (Ethanol , Acetone) colorless gram- bacteria
4- a red stain (safranin) depolarizer gram -

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12
Q

What’s protoplast?

A

Spherical shPe of bacteria in isotonic solution

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13
Q

What the composition of LPS?

A

The inner layer (lipid A) responsible of toxins of gram-
At the middle :the core
The outer moss: LPS polymer (antigen/somatic) is the antigen for identification gram-

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14
Q

Whats lipotechoic acid?

A

When techoic acid (glyserol phosphate linked with lipid in sytopkasm)

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15
Q

Techoic acid polymer?

A

1- glyserol phosphate

2-ribitol phosphate

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16
Q

All prokaryotic cells not have sterols except:

A

Mycoplasma

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17
Q

Examples of transition exotoxins by plasmids:

A

1- enterotoxins in Ecoli
2-anthrax toxin in anthracis
3- tetanus toxin in clostredium tetani

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18
Q

Medically importance of plasmids:

A 
1- antibiotics resistant
2- exotoxins
3-ultraviolet resistance
4-pilim
5- pactriociens(toxec bacteria)
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19
Q

Bactriocins examples

A

1- colicocins in Ecoli

2- pyocins in pseodomans aergunosa

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20
Q

الطريقتين اللي بينتقلو فيها الantibiotic resistant gene?

A

1- from one bacteria to another by plasmids (congugation)

2-by transposons (conjugative transposons)

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21
Q

Antrax bacillus

A

Have d-glutamic acid capsule

بدال الpolyscharide

22
Q

Imprtance of capsule

A

1- pervent ingestin from phagocytosis by negative charge
2- gives antibody can affect in sapsule
3-for identidication by( qoellung reaction)
4- adhesion in human tissue

23
Q

Bacteria types they have flagella

A

Many if rods and spirosheets

24
Q

The composition of pilli

A

Pillin protien in helical arrangement

25
Q

Flagella composition

A

Flagellun on iterwind chains

على شكل سلاسل متشابكة

26
Q

Medical important of glycocalyx

A

1- endocardium infection by

  • varidine streptococcus
  • staphylococcus epidermis

2-plaque)ترسبات في الاسنان)
Streptococcus mutant

3-by p.aeroginusa بتسبب تليف كيسي

27
Q

Spores composition:

A

Debeclonic acid contain calcium ions

28
Q

What contain the cell wall?

A

1- protien as porien , in grma- protien as channel
2-plyscharide and protiens as antigen use it ln labratory identification
3-in gram- has LPS as endotoxin

29
Q

Weakly acid fast

A

Added weak solution of hydrochloric acid into acid fast stain to decolorized

30
Q

Mycolic acid

A

High amount of lipid that consist in mycobacteria cell wall prevent it to decolrized

31
Q

Carbolfuchsin

A

The stain in acid fast bacteria

32
Q

Another names of peptidoglycan are:

A
  • murien

- mucopeptide

33
Q

What makes up peptidoglycan?

A

1-glycan chain (NAM/NAG)
2-tetra-peptide chain (L-D isomers )
3-peptide cross linkage ( of gram+ cells)

34
Q

How antibacterial drugs inhibit peptidoglycan?

A

By inhibiting trnspeptidase that synthesis cross-link between tetra peptides

35
Q

What is 2-layers found in mycobacterium cell wall not found most of bacteria?

A

1-mycolic acid

-arabinoglycan

36
Q

Protoplast

A

Spherical shape of bacteria without cell wall as a result of lysozyme

37
Q

What makes up LPS?

A

1-phospholipid (lipid A): determine the toxic effect
2-core polysaccharides, linked with lipid A through SDO
3-outer polysaccharide: antigens or somatic

38
Q

Whats lipotechoic acid?

A

Glycerol phosphate bound covalently with the liped in cytoplasma

39
Q

Procedure gram stain

A

1-crystals violet
2-iodine
3-acetone /methanol
4-saphranine

40
Q

Bacteriocins

A

Toxic protiens found in lethal bacteria

41
Q

What is the 4 domains of transposons?

A

1- inerveted repeats sequences (IR)
2-transposase
3-repressor
4-antibiotics resistance (conjugative transposons)

42
Q

4 important reasons of capsule in medical importance

A

1-resistance to ingulfement by phagocyte
2-quellung reaction
3-used in vaccine
4-adherence in human tissue

43
Q

Main point of flagella

A

1-chemotaxis process
2-contain of single protien and flagellin
3-the energy for movement (proton motive force)
4-whiplike appandeges

44
Q

Axial filament

A

Like flagella shape , help spirochetes to movement.

45
Q

Medically important reasons of flagella:

A

1- caused urinary tract infection , pathogenesis bacteria

2-laboratory identification-antiserum against flagella’s proteins.

46
Q

Medically importance of pacillus

A

1-attachment in human receptor caused infection

2-sex pacillus( used in conjugation)

47
Q

Glycocalyx(simple layer)

A

Secreted from bacteria
Main component for biofilm
Adherence firmly on surfaces
Cause plaque

48
Q

Medically importance of spores

A

In gram+ rods
Genus bacillus: anthrax
Genus clostridium: tetanus/butulism

49
Q

How spores resistance to heat and dehydration and other difficult conditions?

A

By a thicker keratin-like coat it contain. + dipoclonic acid

50
Q

Mesosome

A

Paticipate in cell division and secretion

51
Q

The only capsule composed of polypeptide?

A

Anthrax pacillus

Micro (9 decks)

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