structure and replication of DNA Flashcards
1
Q
what is the function of DNA?
A
this is a genetic code, arranged in genes: allows a cell to synthesis specific proteins, determining its structure and function.
2
Q
how is this inherited?
A
when it divides by mitosis in somatic cells or meiosis when making gametes.
3
Q
describe the structure of a DNA molecule?
A
- long
- double stranded
- twisted helix shape
- made up of units called nucleotides
4
Q
name the 3 things that make up a DNA nucleotide.
A
- phosphate
- deoxyribose sugar
- base
5
Q
name the 4 base molecules found in DNA.
A
- adenine
- thymine
- cytosine
- guanine
6
Q
state the base pairing rule
A
- adenine + thymine (A+T)
- cytosine + guanine (C+G)
7
Q
name the bond that forms between adjacent bases on a DNA molecule.
A
weak hydrogen bonds
8
Q
name the substances that make up the backbone of DNA.
A
phosphate + deoxyribose sugar
9
Q
what is found at the 5’ end of a DNA nucleotide?
A
the phosphate molecule
10
Q
what is found at the 3’ end of a DNA nucleotide?
A
the deoxyribose sugar molecule
