mutation Flashcards
What is a mutation?
A change in DNA that can result in, no protein or altered protein being made.
What are the 2 possible results in mutation?
1) No protein being made
2) An altered protein being made
What is a single gene mutation?
A change in a single nucleotide
Name the 3 types of single gene mutations.
1) Substitution
2) Insertion
3) Deletion
What name is given when only 1 amino acid is altered, it may have no impact but could result in a nonfunctioning protein.
Missense
What causes a nonsense mutation?
what is the result of this?
A premature stop codon.
shorter/non functioning protein.
What name is given to a mutation where introns are mistakenly retained or exons are mistakenly removed?
Splice-site mutation
Name the type of single gene mutations that result in a frameshift mutation?
Insertion and deletion
What is the consequence of a frameshift mutation?
All the amino acids after the point of mutation will be changed.
Name the 4 types of chromosome mutation.
1) duplication
2) deletion
3) inversion
4) translocation
What is usually the result of a chromosomal mutation?
death
Describe duplication
When a section of a chromosome is copied from its homologous partner.
Describe deletion (chromosomal structure)
When a section of a chromosome is removed.
Describe inversion
When a section of a chromosome is reversed or flipped.
Describe translocation
When a section of a chromosome is added to a chromosome that’s is not it’s homologous chromosome.
