Structure and Morphology of Bacteria

Question 1

Pleomorphic

Answer 1

Multiple shapes throughout bacteria’s lifetime

Question 2

Diplo-

Answer 2

Pairs

Question 3

Staphylo-

Answer 3

Clusters

Question 4

Strepto-

Answer 4

Chains

Question 5

Tetrads

Answer 5

Cluster of 4

Question 6

Sarcinae

Answer 6

Cubes

Question 7

Peptidoglycan

Answer 7

Disaccharide polymer consisting of N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and M-acetylmuramic acid (NAM)

Question 8

Gram Positive Bacteria

Answer 8

Stain purple in Gram stains and contains many layers of peptidoglycan. Contains teichoic acid which links the cell wall to the cytoplasmic membrane

Question 9

Gram Negative

Answer 9

Stains pink in Gram stains and contains fewer layers of peptidoglycan. Lipoproteins link the cell wall to the cytoplasmic membrane. Cell wall also contains an outer membrane that covers the peptidoglycan

Question 10

Periplasm

Answer 10

Space between the inner and outer membranes of the Gram-negative bacteria

Question 11

O-antigen

Answer 11

Polysaccharide chains linked to the core of the lipopolysachharide aka LPS (LPS is unique to Gram negative bacteria)

Question 12

Core Polysaccharide

Answer 12

A covalently attached polysaccharide in LPS which provides stability and structure

Question 13

Lipid A

Answer 13

A structure in LPS required for insertion into the outer membrane. This is toxic.

Question 14

Endotoxin

Answer 14

Another name for LPS.