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Microbiology > Non-Enteric Gm- Bacteria > Flashcards

Non-Enteric Gm- Bacteria Flashcards

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1
Q

What bacteria is Gm- diplococci, facultative anaerobe, non-endospore forming, and nonmotile?

A

Neisseria species

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2
Q

What 2 species in the Neisseria genus are strict human pathogens?

A

N. gonorhoeae (gonococci)

N. meningitidis (meningococci)

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3
Q

What is the only distinguishable feature between the two strict pathogens of the Neisseria genus?

A

a polysaccharide capsule on N. meningitidis

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4
Q

What causes gonorrhea?

A

N. gonorrhoeae

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5
Q

How is gonorrhea transmiited?

A

Any sexual contact

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6
Q

True or False? Newborn may acquire an eye infection (that may lead to blindness) from a mother infected with gonorrhea.

A

True

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7
Q

What virulence factor mediates attachment to non-ciliated mucosal epithelium?

A

Type IV Pili

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8
Q

What virulence factor is highly variable providing protection from antibodies response via antigenic variation?

A

Type IV Pili

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9
Q

What virulence factor facilitates invasion into epithelial cells?

A

Por Protein

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10
Q

What virulence factor promotes intracellular survival by preventing phagosome-lysosome fusion?

A

Por Protein

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11
Q

What virulence factor mediates attachment to host cells and expression is associated with localized disease?

A

Opa Proteins

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12
Q

Bacteria that don’t express ______ are associated with PID and dissemination disease.

A

Opa Proteins

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13
Q

What virulence factor hydrolyzes IgA, which would otherwise block bacterial attachment to the mucosal surface?

A

IgA protease

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14
Q

What virulence factor hydrolyzes the beta-lactam ring in penicillin?

A

Beta-lactamase

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15
Q

In what disease is nearly half of the infected women are asymptomatic?

A

gonorrhea

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16
Q

What is the major reservoir for the spread of gonorrhea?

A

women

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17
Q

True or False? With gonorrhea, most women show symptoms early?

A

False, most men show symptoms early

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18
Q

Purulent discharge where the infection resides is a symptom of what disease?

A

gonorrhea

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19
Q

Extended infection of what disease may lead to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and subsequent sterility?

A

gonorrhea

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20
Q

Anorectal gonorrhea and pharyngitis can be symptoms of what disease?

A

gonorrhea

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21
Q

What disease can be a disseminated infection that results in the bacteria moving from the initial site of infection through the blood to the skin or joints?

A

gonorrhea

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22
Q

What disseminated infection can be characterized by fever, arthritis, and a postular rash with an inflammed base?

A

gonorrhea

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23
Q

What bacteria colonize the nasopharynx of healthy people but can lead to meningitis, sepsis, or bronchopnuemonia?

A

Neisseria meningitidis

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24
Q

In what bacteria is carriage transient and person-to-person spread through aerosolization of respiratory tract secretions?

A

Neisseria meningitidis

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25
Q

What virulence factor protects from phagocytosis?

A

capsule

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26
Q

What virulence factor allows colonization of nasopharynx and is highly variable?

A

Type IV pili

27
Q

What virulence factor is an endotoxin that causes inflammation and mediates most clinical manifestations?

A

LOS

28
Q

What causes meningococcemia?

A

Neisseria meningitidis

29
Q

True or False? Meningococcemia is a dissemination infection.

A

True

30
Q

What disease has the following symptoms: thrombosis of small blood vessels, multi-organ involvement, hemorrhagic skin lesions (non-blanching rash)?

A

Meningococcemia

31
Q

What causes meningitis?

A

Neisseria meningitidis

32
Q

What disease has purulent inflammation of the meninges?

A

meningitis

33
Q

What disease has the following symptoms: headache, fever, and vomiting?

A

meningitis

34
Q

What causes pneumonia?

A

Neisseria meningitidis

35
Q

What opportunistic pathogen colonizes the human oropharynx?

A

Eikenella Corrodens

36
Q

What causes oral infections in immunocompromised or those who have oral trauma?

A

Eikenella Corrodens

37
Q

What bacteria is mostly seen causing disease following trauma to the mouth such as a fist fight injury or bite wounds from a human?

A

Eikenella Corrodens

38
Q

What is an opportunistic pathogen that is ubiquitous in nature and environmental sites within a hospital?

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

39
Q

What can transiently colonize the respiratory tract and GI tract of healthy or hospitalized patients?

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

40
Q

What virulence factors encompass flagella, type IV pili, and alginate capsule?

A

adhesins

41
Q

What virulence factor allows bacteria to inject toxins into the host cell?

A

type III secretion system

42
Q

What virulence factor is a mucoid polysaccharide capsule that protect from phagocytosis and antibiotocs?

A

alginate capsule

43
Q

What virulence factor disrupts protein sythesis and leads to hemorrhagic lesions associated with disseminated infections?

A

exotoxin A

44
Q

What virulence factor is mutation of bacterial porin proteins that prevents the uptake of antibiotics and produces beta-lactamase?

A

inherently antibiotic resistant

45
Q

What bacteria generally gains access to a host via inhalation, but since the organism is ubiquitous may also gain access through other routes?

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

46
Q

What bacteria can infect the respiratory tract, urinary tract, skin and soft tissues, ears, eyes, blood (bacteremia), and heart (endocarditis)?

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

47
Q

True or False? Pseudomonas aeruginosa can cause pulmonary infections in patients with chronic lung disease or cystic fibrosis.

A

True

48
Q

True or False? H. influenzae serotype b is the least virulent.

A

False, it is the most virulent

49
Q

What two virulence factors allow for colonization of the nasopharynx?

A

Type IV pili and non pili adhesins

50
Q

Some H. influenzae contain capsules. What substance is found in these capsules?

A

polyribitol phosphate (PRP)

51
Q

True or False? Nonencapsulated form of H. influenzae spread locally.

A

True

52
Q

True or False? Encapsulated firms of H. influenzae spread locally.

A

False, they disseminate

53
Q

Disseminated H. influenzae cause what diseases?

A

meningitis, epiglottitis, cellulitis, pneumonia

54
Q

What two species of Bordetella cause pertussis (whooping cough)?

A

B. pertussis and B. parapertussis

55
Q

What is the natural habitat of B. pertussis and B. parapertussis?

A

mucous membrane of the respiratory tract

56
Q

What virulence factors allow bacteria to bind to host cells?

A

fimbriae

57
Q

What virulence factor impacts cell signaling and inhibits phagocytic killing and monocyte migration?

A

pertussis toxin

58
Q

True or False? Pertussis toxin is found in B. pertussis and B. parapertussis.

A

False, pertussin toxin is found in B. pertussis only

59
Q

What virulence factor kills ciliated respiratory cells?

A

tracheal cytotoxin

60
Q

What stage of pertussis resembles the common cold?

A

catarrhal stage

61
Q

What stage of pertussis is it most contagious?

A

catarrhal stage

62
Q

What stage of pertussis has repetitive coughs followed by whoops during inhalation?

A

paroxysmal stage

63
Q

What stage of pertussis does the coughing attacks gradually subside?

A

convalescence stage

Microbiology (11 decks)

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