Non-Enteric Gm- Bacteria

Question 1

What bacteria is Gm- diplococci, facultative anaerobe, non-endospore forming, and nonmotile?

Answer 1

Neisseria species

Question 2

What 2 species in the Neisseria genus are strict human pathogens?

Answer 2

N. gonorhoeae (gonococci)

N. meningitidis (meningococci)

Question 3

What is the only distinguishable feature between the two strict pathogens of the Neisseria genus?

Answer 3

a polysaccharide capsule on N. meningitidis

Question 4

What causes gonorrhea?

Answer 4

N. gonorrhoeae

Question 5

How is gonorrhea transmiited?

Answer 5

Any sexual contact

Question 6

True or False? Newborn may acquire an eye infection (that may lead to blindness) from a mother infected with gonorrhea.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

What virulence factor mediates attachment to non-ciliated mucosal epithelium?

Answer 7

Type IV Pili

Question 8

What virulence factor is highly variable providing protection from antibodies response via antigenic variation?

Answer 8

Type IV Pili

Question 9

What virulence factor facilitates invasion into epithelial cells?

Answer 9

Por Protein

Question 10

What virulence factor promotes intracellular survival by preventing phagosome-lysosome fusion?

Answer 10

Por Protein

Question 11

What virulence factor mediates attachment to host cells and expression is associated with localized disease?

Answer 11

Opa Proteins

Question 12

Bacteria that don’t express ______ are associated with PID and dissemination disease.

Answer 12

Opa Proteins

Question 13

What virulence factor hydrolyzes IgA, which would otherwise block bacterial attachment to the mucosal surface?

Answer 13

IgA protease

Question 14

What virulence factor hydrolyzes the beta-lactam ring in penicillin?

Answer 14

Beta-lactamase

Question 15

In what disease is nearly half of the infected women are asymptomatic?

Answer 15

gonorrhea

Question 16

What is the major reservoir for the spread of gonorrhea?

Answer 16

women

Question 17

True or False? With gonorrhea, most women show symptoms early?

Answer 17

False, most men show symptoms early

Question 18

Purulent discharge where the infection resides is a symptom of what disease?

Answer 18

gonorrhea

Question 19

Extended infection of what disease may lead to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and subsequent sterility?

Answer 19

gonorrhea

Question 20

Anorectal gonorrhea and pharyngitis can be symptoms of what disease?

Answer 20

gonorrhea

Question 21

What disease can be a disseminated infection that results in the bacteria moving from the initial site of infection through the blood to the skin or joints?

Answer 21

gonorrhea

Question 22

What disseminated infection can be characterized by fever, arthritis, and a postular rash with an inflammed base?

Answer 22

gonorrhea

Question 23

What bacteria colonize the nasopharynx of healthy people but can lead to meningitis, sepsis, or bronchopnuemonia?

Answer 23

Neisseria meningitidis

Question 24

In what bacteria is carriage transient and person-to-person spread through aerosolization of respiratory tract secretions?

Answer 24

Neisseria meningitidis

Question 25

What virulence factor protects from phagocytosis?

Answer 25

capsule

Question 26

What virulence factor allows colonization of nasopharynx and is highly variable?

Answer 26

Type IV pili

Question 27

What virulence factor is an endotoxin that causes inflammation and mediates most clinical manifestations?

Answer 27

LOS

Question 28

What causes meningococcemia?

Answer 28

Neisseria meningitidis

Question 29

True or False? Meningococcemia is a dissemination infection.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

What disease has the following symptoms: thrombosis of small blood vessels, multi-organ involvement, hemorrhagic skin lesions (non-blanching rash)?

Answer 30

Meningococcemia

Question 31

What causes meningitis?

Answer 31

Neisseria meningitidis

Question 32

What disease has purulent inflammation of the meninges?

Answer 32

meningitis

Question 33

What disease has the following symptoms: headache, fever, and vomiting?

Answer 33

meningitis

Question 34

What causes pneumonia?

Answer 34

Neisseria meningitidis

Question 35

What opportunistic pathogen colonizes the human oropharynx?

Answer 35

Eikenella Corrodens

Question 36

What causes oral infections in immunocompromised or those who have oral trauma?

Answer 36

Eikenella Corrodens

Question 37

What bacteria is mostly seen causing disease following trauma to the mouth such as a fist fight injury or bite wounds from a human?

Answer 37

Eikenella Corrodens

Question 38

What is an opportunistic pathogen that is ubiquitous in nature and environmental sites within a hospital?

Answer 38

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 39

What can transiently colonize the respiratory tract and GI tract of healthy or hospitalized patients?

Answer 39

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 40

What virulence factors encompass flagella, type IV pili, and alginate capsule?

Answer 40

adhesins

Question 41

What virulence factor allows bacteria to inject toxins into the host cell?

Answer 41

type III secretion system

Question 42

What virulence factor is a mucoid polysaccharide capsule that protect from phagocytosis and antibiotocs?

Answer 42

alginate capsule

Question 43

What virulence factor disrupts protein sythesis and leads to hemorrhagic lesions associated with disseminated infections?

Answer 43

exotoxin A

Question 44

What virulence factor is mutation of bacterial porin proteins that prevents the uptake of antibiotics and produces beta-lactamase?

Answer 44

inherently antibiotic resistant

Question 45

What bacteria generally gains access to a host via inhalation, but since the organism is ubiquitous may also gain access through other routes?

Answer 45

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 46

What bacteria can infect the respiratory tract, urinary tract, skin and soft tissues, ears, eyes, blood (bacteremia), and heart (endocarditis)?

Answer 46

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 47

True or False? Pseudomonas aeruginosa can cause pulmonary infections in patients with chronic lung disease or cystic fibrosis.

Answer 47

True

Question 48

True or False? H. influenzae serotype b is the least virulent.

Answer 48

False, it is the most virulent

Question 49

What two virulence factors allow for colonization of the nasopharynx?

Answer 49

Type IV pili and non pili adhesins

Question 50

Some H. influenzae contain capsules. What substance is found in these capsules?

Answer 50

polyribitol phosphate (PRP)

Question 51

True or False? Nonencapsulated form of H. influenzae spread locally.

Answer 51

True

Question 52

True or False? Encapsulated firms of H. influenzae spread locally.

Answer 52

False, they disseminate

Question 53

Disseminated H. influenzae cause what diseases?

Answer 53

meningitis, epiglottitis, cellulitis, pneumonia

Question 54

What two species of Bordetella cause pertussis (whooping cough)?

Answer 54

B. pertussis and B. parapertussis

Question 55

What is the natural habitat of B. pertussis and B. parapertussis?

Answer 55

mucous membrane of the respiratory tract

Question 56

What virulence factors allow bacteria to bind to host cells?

Answer 56

fimbriae

Question 57

What virulence factor impacts cell signaling and inhibits phagocytic killing and monocyte migration?

Answer 57

pertussis toxin

Question 58

True or False? Pertussis toxin is found in B. pertussis and B. parapertussis.

Answer 58

False, pertussin toxin is found in B. pertussis only

Question 59

What virulence factor kills ciliated respiratory cells?

Answer 59

tracheal cytotoxin

Question 60

What stage of pertussis resembles the common cold?

Answer 60

catarrhal stage

Question 61

What stage of pertussis is it most contagious?

Answer 61

catarrhal stage

Question 62

What stage of pertussis has repetitive coughs followed by whoops during inhalation?

Answer 62

paroxysmal stage

Question 63

What stage of pertussis does the coughing attacks gradually subside?

Answer 63

convalescence stage