Structure and Functions in Living Organisms

Question 1

What are the characteristics of living organisms?

Answer 1

Movement
Reproduction
Sensitivity

Growth
Respiration
Excretion
Nutrition

Question 2

Name the levels of organisation

Answer 2

Organelle - part of a cell eg. nucleus, chloroplast
Cell - eg. leaf cell
Tissue - group of the same type of cells e.g. muscle tissue
Organ - group of tissues, serves a common function eg. stomach, heart
System - e.g. digestive system
Organism - eg. human

Question 3

What is a nucleus?

Answer 3

Controls DNA and genes, controls what the cell does

Question 4

What is cytoplasm?

Answer 4

About 70% water, contains proteins, chemical reactions occur here

Question 5

What is a cell membrane?

Answer 5

Controls what enters and leaves the cell

Question 6

What is a cell wall?

Answer 6

Gives structure and support to cells

Question 7

What is mitochondria?

Answer 7

Where the cells release energy from food. It is where aerobic respiration occurs

Question 8

What are chloroplasts?

Answer 8

Trap the energy of sunlight and contains chlorophyll. Sunlight is used fro photosynthesis

Question 9

What are ribosomes?

Answer 9

Very small - where proteins are made by joining amino acids

Question 10

What is a vacuole?

Answer 10

A space of vesicle within the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosed by a membrane and typically containing fluid

Question 11

Differences and similarities of plant and animal cells

Answer 11

Both - cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes
Differences - plant cells contain chloroplasts, cell walls and vacuoles