Structure 2.3 Flashcards
Process of removing electrons from metals is …thermic
Endothermic
Do metals or nonmetals require more energy to remove electrons?
Non metals
Electrical conductivity caused by
Movement of charged particles
Why are metals good conductors of electricity?
As current is carried by the delocalised electrons and there is low electrical resistance
Why do metals have a low electrical resistance?
Delocalised electrons can move freely
Why are metals good conductors of heat?
Delocalised electrons can carry heat, the friction caused by their movement causes the metal to heat up.
What is the strength of a metallic bond determined by?
- The number of delocalised electrons
- The charge of the cation
- The radius of the cation
Across a period, size
Decreases as electrostatic attraction pulls electrons closer to the nucleus.
Metallic bonding is
Very strong due to high melting points
Only liquid metal at room temp
Mecury
When a series of metals form cations with the same charges, the larger the cation…
The weaker the metallic bond
As an atom increases, the attraction between the cation and the delocalised electrons…
Decreases
Across a period, what happens to the charge of a cation and the radius of a cation?
Charge increases, radius decreases
Malleable
Can be beaten into shape with a hammer
Ductile
Can be drawn into a wire
Why are metals malleable and ductile?
Close packed layers of cations can slide over each other without breaking, movement of the delocalised electrons are non-directional and random
D block elements are all metals - what is the trend with their atomic radius and their melting points?
Atomic radius decreases slightly moving across period, no pattern in melting points
Transition metals conductivity
All good conductors of heat and electricity
Why are transition metals good conductors?
They have a large number of s and d valence electrons which can delocalise
Transition element
Element with a d subshell that is partially filled
Process of removing an electron is
Endothermic (higher energy in metals)
Transition metal melting points trend
No clear trend, however it is very high compared to the s and p block metals
